OntoBlock: a novel ontological-based and blockchain enabled spectrum sensing framework for detection of malicious users in cognitive radio internet of things (CR-IoT) networks

CR-IoT networks can benefit from the idea of blockchain technology to achieve accurate decisions in order to provide very high-accuracy spectrum sensing in the network. It allows for multi-user cooperation as the sensing readings are being exchanged in the spectrum. It leads to security issues in CR-IoT networks. Thus, in order to increase the quality of decision-making in spectrum sensing, the given paper introduces an ontological framework with a blockchain-enabled system to detect malicious users in networks. The proposed framework first captures network packets from available Wi-Fi, followed by the creation of blocks with private, public, and hash keys. The keys are used to encode information about the nodes, such as confidential information and their location, data relative to users, their position where packets are delivered, etc. This is subsequently followed by the generation of network ontology, which includes parsing, computation of similarity, and reduction in clustered packets. Finally, the performance of the suggested mechanism is validated using a set of evaluation measures such as authentication rate, intrusion rate, average network throughput time consumption, and energy efficiency. As seen from the findings, it is evident that the proposed framework performs better than existing recent studies, thereby improving the performance of CR-IoT networks.