<p>Depression, a prevalent emotional disorder, often imposes both physical and psychological distress upon patients. While drug therapy remains the primary method for depression from the medical field’s viewpoint, psychotherapy has gained increasing attention due to its advantages, including no side effects, a low recurrence rate, and complete elimination of somatization symptoms. This article, based on Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), the first-line antidepressant treatment method, appropriately introduces and disseminates psychological thoughts rooted in Chinese culture within the context of psychological counseling. This approach integrates Western cognitive psychotherapy techniques with Eastern cultural psychological perspectives—Chinese cultural psychological thoughts, rendering it more compatible for Eastern clients. The practical application of Chinese cultural psychological thoughts in psychological counseling has been demonstrated through case studies, revealing that it can evoke cultural identity and spiritual belonging in clients, thereby enhancing the effectiveness and quality of psychological counseling. This has significant theoretical value and practical significance.</p>