Characterization and Source Analysis of Metal Pollution in Atmospheric fine Particulate Matter (PM_1.0) in Autumn and Winter in Harbin

In recent years, the problem of atmospheric particulate pollution has become more and more serious. Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM_1.0) has a large specific surface area. PM_1.0 can carry a large number of metal elements into the depths of human lungs and blood circulation through the respiratory tract. In this paper, the PM_1.0 in autumn and winter in Harbin was taken as the research object. The mass and number concentration of PM_1.0 were analyzed. The metal elements in PM_1.0 were detected by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The top priority of this study was the source analysis of metal pollution in PM_1.0 using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and positive matrix factor (PMF) method. It was found that the PM_1.0 number concentration was high in autumn and winter in Harbin. Particulate matter tended to accumulate and was not easy to settle due to the low temperature and relative humidity. In autumn and winter, combustion of fossil fuels such as coal and oil, soil dust and motor vehicle exhaust were the primary sources of PM_1.0.