Microwave-sintered Ag2O-Ti-based composites for infection-resistant dental implants
摘要
By incorporating silver oxide (Ag2O), the primary goal of this investigation is to strengthen the antimicrobial characteristics of titanium composites utilized in dental implants. The objective of the research is to examine the effect of Ag2O inclusion on the antibacterial and antifungal effectiveness of titanium composites while simultaneously preserving their biocompatibility and mechanical integrity. To produce silver titanium composites, a microwave sintering process was employed to combine TiO2 with variable proportions of Ag2O. The ratios of Ag2O incorporated has been varied from 0 to 100% in TiO2-based composites (0%TiO2 + 100%Ag2O; 33.5%TiO2 + 66.5%Ag2O; 66.5%TiO2 + 33.5%Ag2O, and 100%TiO2 + 0%Ag2O). The Ag2O, also with a purity of 99.99%, was selected for its potent anti-microbial characteristics and TiO2 with a purity of 99.99% was employed as the base material. As the melting points of TiO2 (1847 °C) and Ag2O (293 °C), the micro-wave sintering temperature was set at 185 °C. Each sample was held at this temperature for 20 min to achieve optimal densification without compromising material integrity. Staphylococcus aureus as well as Aspergillus niger inhibitory regions of up to 24 mm have been exhibited within antimicrobial performance. Numerous Ag-containing biomaterials have been recently examined; however, in this current study, the Ag2O-TiO2 composites exhibit a 24 mm inhibition zone that far exceeds those previously described. To verify the uniformly-dispersion of Ag2O particles within the composite-matrix, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was conducted. To assess antimicrobial efficacy, inhibition zone testing was conducted against Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger, with inhibition zones being measured for each composite formulation. By incorporating Ag2O particles, the antimicrobial characteristics of the titanium composites were significantly enhanced. Superior antibacterial and antifungal activity was demonstrated by the composites, which exhibited inhibition zones of 24 mm against both Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger. As unveiled from the prior literary outcomes, the titanium implantation which has been coated with silver nanoparticles usually exhibit inhibitory regions among 10 to18 mm towards S. aureus as well as E. coli. The findings from the current study therefore suggest a 30 to 60% rise in the diameter of the inhibitory zone, which indicates the antimicrobial effectiveness of the employed approach which indeed is more effective to that of similar research studies. The uniformity of the Ag2O particle distribution was verified by SEM analysis, which assured the uniform quality of the coating. Ag2O-enhanced Titanium composites that are synthesized through microwave sintering (MS) have demonstrated exceptional anti-microbial characteristics, including effective resistance to microbial infections for prospective applications as subsequent future-generation anti-microbial implant-based dentistry coatings. Based on these findings, it appears that the incorporation of Ag2O can reduce microbial hazards while simultaneously preserving the desirable characteristics of titanium alloys for dental applications.