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<p>This study investigates the structural, electrical, and magnetic properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures synthesized via the sol-gel method and annealed at varying temperatures (250&#xa0;°C to 500&#xa0;°C). The influence of annealing on crystallinity, dielectric response, conductivity, and ferromagnetic behavior was comprehensively explored. All samples had a pure wurtzite ZnO phase, according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination, and the size of the crystallites increased with increasing annealing temperatures. It was discovered that both the dielectric constant and loss were frequency-dependent, with higher frequencies showing a decrease in dielectric loss. Although conductivity was shown to decrease at higher annealing temperatures due to the expansion of crystallite size and a decreased surface-to-volume ratio, conductivity studies showed an increase in AC conductivity with frequency. Magnetization studies showed clear ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature, with a noticeable increase in saturation magnetization and coercivity as the annealing temperature rose, particularly above 300&#xa0;°C. The findings suggest that ZnO nanostructures exhibit enhanced magnetic properties, making them promising candidates for spintronic applications. This research highlights the role of heat treatment in tailoring the material’s functional properties for advanced applications in nanoelectronics and magneto-optics.</p>

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Effect of thermal treatment on ZnO nanostructures’ electrical and ferromagnetic properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月9日

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  • K. Omri

摘要

This study investigates the structural, electrical, and magnetic properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures synthesized via the sol-gel method and annealed at varying temperatures (250 °C to 500 °C). The influence of annealing on crystallinity, dielectric response, conductivity, and ferromagnetic behavior was comprehensively explored. All samples had a pure wurtzite ZnO phase, according to X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination, and the size of the crystallites increased with increasing annealing temperatures. It was discovered that both the dielectric constant and loss were frequency-dependent, with higher frequencies showing a decrease in dielectric loss. Although conductivity was shown to decrease at higher annealing temperatures due to the expansion of crystallite size and a decreased surface-to-volume ratio, conductivity studies showed an increase in AC conductivity with frequency. Magnetization studies showed clear ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature, with a noticeable increase in saturation magnetization and coercivity as the annealing temperature rose, particularly above 300 °C. The findings suggest that ZnO nanostructures exhibit enhanced magnetic properties, making them promising candidates for spintronic applications. This research highlights the role of heat treatment in tailoring the material’s functional properties for advanced applications in nanoelectronics and magneto-optics.