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<p>Geothermal energy represents a sustainable solution to the increasing global challenges of water scarcity and renewable energy, particularly in semi-arid regions. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of geothermal potential zones in northern Tunisia through an integrated framework combining Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), Multi-Criteria decision-making (MCDM), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Kohonen Self-Organizing Map (SOM) clustering. Twelve thematic layers including geomorphology, geology, hydrogeology, structural lineaments, and climatic factors were analyzed, with weighted indices assigned to parameters such as lithology, aquifer depth, fault and lineament density, slope, precipitation, and surface temperature. The results indicate that approximately 48% of the study area falls within favorable to very favorable geothermal potential zones, with 22% classified as “very good” and 26% as “good” geothermal potential. High-potential areas coincide with the Tell-Atlas structural corridor, characterized by high fault density, permeable lithologies, deep aquifer systems, and enhanced hydrothermal circulation. Low-geothermal potential areas correspond to compact lithologies, low structural complexity, and limited fluid flow. The integration of GIS and SOM provide a robust, reproducible, and high-resolution methodology for mapping geothermal potential, supporting targeted exploration, sustainable low-carbon energy planning, and resources management. This framework could be applied in other tectonically active regions worldwide as contribution to the sustainable management of natural resources.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Revealing Geothermal Energy Hotspots in the Mediterranean via Integrated GIS, Remote Sensing, and MCDM

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月21日

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  • Najeh Bouarrouj,
  • Bilel Abdelkarim,
  • Yahya Moumni,
  • Mohamed Haythem Msaddek,
  • Nabil Abaab,
  • Fadoua Hamzaoui Azaza,
  • Ismail Chenini,
  • Isabel Margarida Antunes

摘要

Geothermal energy represents a sustainable solution to the increasing global challenges of water scarcity and renewable energy, particularly in semi-arid regions. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of geothermal potential zones in northern Tunisia through an integrated framework combining Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), Multi-Criteria decision-making (MCDM), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Kohonen Self-Organizing Map (SOM) clustering. Twelve thematic layers including geomorphology, geology, hydrogeology, structural lineaments, and climatic factors were analyzed, with weighted indices assigned to parameters such as lithology, aquifer depth, fault and lineament density, slope, precipitation, and surface temperature. The results indicate that approximately 48% of the study area falls within favorable to very favorable geothermal potential zones, with 22% classified as “very good” and 26% as “good” geothermal potential. High-potential areas coincide with the Tell-Atlas structural corridor, characterized by high fault density, permeable lithologies, deep aquifer systems, and enhanced hydrothermal circulation. Low-geothermal potential areas correspond to compact lithologies, low structural complexity, and limited fluid flow. The integration of GIS and SOM provide a robust, reproducible, and high-resolution methodology for mapping geothermal potential, supporting targeted exploration, sustainable low-carbon energy planning, and resources management. This framework could be applied in other tectonically active regions worldwide as contribution to the sustainable management of natural resources.

Graphical abstract