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<p>Tamborine Mountain, is a steep-sided volcanic plateau in an area of encroaching urbanisation, which has demonstrated ongoing landslide activity associated with climate-related rainfall and cyclone events. These events are increasingly impacting main roads and community access. The objective of this study is to define a GIS-based rockfall and earthslide susceptibility zonation for Tamborine Mountain, using a Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. Data was aggregated on landslide occurrences on Tamborine Mountain from government data repositories, publications, and media, resulting in the identification of seven landslide events. A semi-quantitative AHP method was developed incorporating six conditioning factors: slope angle, lithology factors, land use, lineament proximity, road proximity, and distance from drainage. The first hierarchy defined rockfall and earthslide causative factors; the second elaborated on the associated conditioning factors. These hierarchies were operationalised through pairwise comparison matrices, achieving a Consistency Ratio (CR) &lt; 0.10 to control subjectivity and ensure robust weighting. Factor weights were assigned to raster layers on a per-pixel basis and combined via map overlay. Susceptibility classes (“Low,” “Moderate,” “High”) were derived using the Jenks natural breaks method. Results indicate that ~ 2% of the area exhibits “High” rockfall susceptibility, with ~ 61% and ~ 38% classified as “Moderate” and “Low,” respectively. Terrain with steep slopes, dense structural discontinuities, and competent, jointed rocks is most susceptible. For earthslides, areas classified as “High” comprise ~ 2% of the area, ~ 36% are “Moderate,” and ~ 62% are “Low,” respectively. High and moderate susceptibility zones are concentrated along escarpment-dominated terrain and road cuts underlain by low-strength rocks. A qualitative validation was conducted by overlaying seven landslide locations on each susceptibility map, which demonstrated a strong correlation with the existing landslide inventory. These findings provide essential inputs for future geotechnical assessments, disaster preparedness, and sustainable infrastructure development in the region.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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A GIS-Based Landslide Susceptibility Area Decision-Making Using an Analytical Hierarchy Process: Case Study at Tamborine Mountain Area, Southern Queensland

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月22日

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  • Bagaskara Widi Nugroho,
  • Craig O’Neill,
  • Chaminda Gallage,
  • Jun Sugawara

摘要

Tamborine Mountain, is a steep-sided volcanic plateau in an area of encroaching urbanisation, which has demonstrated ongoing landslide activity associated with climate-related rainfall and cyclone events. These events are increasingly impacting main roads and community access. The objective of this study is to define a GIS-based rockfall and earthslide susceptibility zonation for Tamborine Mountain, using a Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. Data was aggregated on landslide occurrences on Tamborine Mountain from government data repositories, publications, and media, resulting in the identification of seven landslide events. A semi-quantitative AHP method was developed incorporating six conditioning factors: slope angle, lithology factors, land use, lineament proximity, road proximity, and distance from drainage. The first hierarchy defined rockfall and earthslide causative factors; the second elaborated on the associated conditioning factors. These hierarchies were operationalised through pairwise comparison matrices, achieving a Consistency Ratio (CR) < 0.10 to control subjectivity and ensure robust weighting. Factor weights were assigned to raster layers on a per-pixel basis and combined via map overlay. Susceptibility classes (“Low,” “Moderate,” “High”) were derived using the Jenks natural breaks method. Results indicate that ~ 2% of the area exhibits “High” rockfall susceptibility, with ~ 61% and ~ 38% classified as “Moderate” and “Low,” respectively. Terrain with steep slopes, dense structural discontinuities, and competent, jointed rocks is most susceptible. For earthslides, areas classified as “High” comprise ~ 2% of the area, ~ 36% are “Moderate,” and ~ 62% are “Low,” respectively. High and moderate susceptibility zones are concentrated along escarpment-dominated terrain and road cuts underlain by low-strength rocks. A qualitative validation was conducted by overlaying seven landslide locations on each susceptibility map, which demonstrated a strong correlation with the existing landslide inventory. These findings provide essential inputs for future geotechnical assessments, disaster preparedness, and sustainable infrastructure development in the region.

Graphical Abstract