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<p>Ratargul swamp forest (RSF), is the largest freshwater swamp forest of Bangladesh, plays a critical role as a habitat for both various terrestrial and aquatic species. Despite its ecological importance, research addressing recent changes in land use and land cover (LULC) within RSF remains limited. Recognizing this gap, this study examines LULC changes in RSF, particularly considering its designation as a ‘Special Biodiversity Protected Area’ in 2015. Remote sensing techniques were utilized, and two complementary vegetation indices—the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), which captures vegetation greenness, and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI), which corrects for atmospheric and canopy background effects—were applied to Landsat-8 satellite data collected from January 2014–2020. A maximum likelihood supervised classification was subsequently performed to categorize the landscape into four LULC classes: forest, sparse vegetation, bare land, and water. These classifications were analyzed via postclassification change detection to track shifts over time. The results indicated significant LULC transformations, with forest cover increasing by 1.07% and sparse vegetation decreasing by 6.04% between 2014 and 2020, on the basis of the NDVI-derived classifications. EVI-based classifications displayed similar trends, with a 4% higher overall accuracy. Peaks in sparse vegetation and forest areas were noted in 2014 and 2016, respectively, with distinct transitions observed among forest, sparse vegetation, bare land, and water areas. These findings highlight notable ecological changes coinciding with RSF’s recent conservation status, suggesting potential alignment with management goals. However, these results reflect associations rather than direct causal effects.</p>

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Monitoring LULC Change in a Freshwater Swamp Forest of Bangladesh: A Remote Sensing-Based Interpretation of Conservation Policy Outcomes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月2日

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  • Sree Juwel Kumar Chowdhury,
  • Iftekhar Ahmed Fagun,
  • Mrityunjoy Kunda,
  • Chan-Su Yang,
  • Rabin Chakrabortty,
  • Sanju Purohit,
  • Ahmed Harun-Al-Rashid

摘要

Ratargul swamp forest (RSF), is the largest freshwater swamp forest of Bangladesh, plays a critical role as a habitat for both various terrestrial and aquatic species. Despite its ecological importance, research addressing recent changes in land use and land cover (LULC) within RSF remains limited. Recognizing this gap, this study examines LULC changes in RSF, particularly considering its designation as a ‘Special Biodiversity Protected Area’ in 2015. Remote sensing techniques were utilized, and two complementary vegetation indices—the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), which captures vegetation greenness, and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI), which corrects for atmospheric and canopy background effects—were applied to Landsat-8 satellite data collected from January 2014–2020. A maximum likelihood supervised classification was subsequently performed to categorize the landscape into four LULC classes: forest, sparse vegetation, bare land, and water. These classifications were analyzed via postclassification change detection to track shifts over time. The results indicated significant LULC transformations, with forest cover increasing by 1.07% and sparse vegetation decreasing by 6.04% between 2014 and 2020, on the basis of the NDVI-derived classifications. EVI-based classifications displayed similar trends, with a 4% higher overall accuracy. Peaks in sparse vegetation and forest areas were noted in 2014 and 2016, respectively, with distinct transitions observed among forest, sparse vegetation, bare land, and water areas. These findings highlight notable ecological changes coinciding with RSF’s recent conservation status, suggesting potential alignment with management goals. However, these results reflect associations rather than direct causal effects.