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<p>This study examines spatial and temporal variations of atmospheric metalliferous particles using DIEM plates (4&#xa0;m high) and surface soil along a treeless street canyon in Sfax, Tunisia. Biweekly samples of particulate deposits were collected at eleven busy cross-roads (S1 to S11). Particle deposition flows fluctuated between 1.58 and 9.23&#xa0;g/m<sup>2</sup>. They revealed exceedances ranged between 12 and 44% of total cases compared to standards. Heavy metal analysis showed fluctuating concentrations across all sites through the two receiving substrates. DIEM plate deposits showed Zn as the most abundant metal, while Pb and Cu dominated surface soils. EF and Igeo indicated varying contamination levels, influenced by road traffic and turbulent airflows. The results highlighted the dissimilarity between concentration levels, pollution degrees and risks at the two selected receiving substrates, even at the common site. This dissimilarity indicates that the surface soil does not accurately reflect the impact of particulate deposits. The soil characteristics and the dynamic of metals (immobilization conditions) could be determinant factors to accentuate such dissimilarity. Given these results, two-height level simultaneous studies of metal deposition in road environments seemed necessary to better assess their behaviour and impact.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Impact Assessment of Particulate Deposits Bound Heavy Metals on Superficial Soils along a Street Canyon at Sfax City (Tunisia): Pollution Degree and Toxicity Risks

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月18日

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  • Fatma Sellami,
  • Houda Baati,
  • Sneha Gautam,
  • Chafai Azri,
  • Ahmed F. Elaksher

摘要

This study examines spatial and temporal variations of atmospheric metalliferous particles using DIEM plates (4 m high) and surface soil along a treeless street canyon in Sfax, Tunisia. Biweekly samples of particulate deposits were collected at eleven busy cross-roads (S1 to S11). Particle deposition flows fluctuated between 1.58 and 9.23 g/m2. They revealed exceedances ranged between 12 and 44% of total cases compared to standards. Heavy metal analysis showed fluctuating concentrations across all sites through the two receiving substrates. DIEM plate deposits showed Zn as the most abundant metal, while Pb and Cu dominated surface soils. EF and Igeo indicated varying contamination levels, influenced by road traffic and turbulent airflows. The results highlighted the dissimilarity between concentration levels, pollution degrees and risks at the two selected receiving substrates, even at the common site. This dissimilarity indicates that the surface soil does not accurately reflect the impact of particulate deposits. The soil characteristics and the dynamic of metals (immobilization conditions) could be determinant factors to accentuate such dissimilarity. Given these results, two-height level simultaneous studies of metal deposition in road environments seemed necessary to better assess their behaviour and impact.

Graphical Abstract