<p>The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is an ongoing mega-construction project in Pakistan. It drives a high demand for natural aggregate resources to support the various multi-trading routes, roads, railways, fiber optics, local infrastructure, and urbanized/industrial zones. This boosting demand requires the development of effective techniques for the identification, delineation, and quantification of appropriate aggregate resources. To accomplish this aim, the field survey and geotechnical analyses, including carbonate rock sampling and laboratory testing, provided crucial data on the aggregate strength, durability, and suitability, supporting the Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) approach. The MCDA approach was employed, which comprises weighted overlay analysis (WOA), Fuzzy Logic (FL), and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). These approaches were utilized to determine the suitable aggregate resources in District Chakwal, Pakistan. Socioeconomic and environmental factors, including land use, proximity to highways, rock types, elevation, curvature, aspect, distance from faults, distance from streams, NDVI, population density, and slope, were analyzed and mapped employing FL, WOA, and AHP. These factors were then ranked by significance to mitigate land-use conflicts. The analysis categorizes potential aggregate resources as very low, low, moderate, or highly suitable based on environmental constraints, transportation, land use, and mineral deposit availability. In addition, a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) based accuracy comparison of FL, AHP, and weighted overlay analysis demonstrated that FL possesses an exceptionally high degree of precision. The outcomes demonstrated that 15.52% was very low suitable, 26.45% was low suitable, 37.75% was medium suitable, and 20.28% was high suitable. This study highlights Fuzzy-GIS as an effective tool for assessing and categorizing land resources, providing valuable insights for regional and national authorities in decision-making and quarry authorization.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>This study presents a GIS-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) structure to evaluate the suitability of natural aggregate resources in District Chakwal, Pakistan, driven by the boosting demand for materials to support the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) infrastructure projects. This research combines three superior spatial modeling techniques, including Fuzzy logic (FL), Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP), and Weighted Overlay analysis (WOA) to assess factors which include geological condition, land use, proximity to roads, elevation, slope, and environmental conditioning factors like population density, distance from streams, and fault zones. Geological survey and field investigation were carried out to acquire carbonate rock samples, which had been tested for their mechanical traits to assure the dependability of the data utilized in the spatial models. Combining these data sources allowed the recognition of regions with high potential for aggregate extraction. The outcomes demonstrate that FL surpassed both AHP and WOA, accomplishing the highest accuracy of 91%, compared to 89% for AHP and 87% for WOA. The FL model, which deals with constant spatial data more flexibly than the other approaches, offered a more intricate and precise suitability assessment. It is concluded that the FL model was determined as the best technique for assessing appropriate regions for natural aggregate extraction, presenting a considerable and consistent approach to resource management. It offers an important understanding for decision-making in massive-scale infrastructure projects, such as CPEC, by ensuring sustainable natural aggregate resources while minimizing the environmental impacts.</p>