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<p>Urban and economic growth around the world have rapidly degraded the ecosystem and environmental quality. Chattogram, a renowned city in Bangladesh known for its scenic environment, has experienced significant urban growth, which has degraded the environmental and ecological quality to the greatest extent. To investigate this issue, we assessed the Chattogram Metropolitan Area (CMA)’s ecological quality using the remote sensing-based ecological index (RSEI), incorporating four ecological indices such as heat index (LST), wetness (WET), dryness (NDBSI), and vegetation index (NDVI) through principal component analysis (PCA) and random forest (RF) model to analyze land use transitions (LUTs) using an advanced google earth engine (GEE). The PCA1 accounted for 80% of the dataset, delving into the highly significant features. Land use and land cover classes (LULCs) showed a gradual expansion of urban areas over the last two decades, indicating socio-economic progress. The urban area expanded from 34.08&#xa0;km² in 2003 to 101.99&#xa0;km² in 2023, an increase of 67.91&#xa0;km² over 20 years, with an annual expansion rate of 2.34&#xa0;km²/year. The RSEI values remained consistently &gt; 0.6, indicating good ecological levels, primarily due to sustainable urban planning. RSEI negatively correlated with LST and NDBSI, suggesting a detrimental influence, particularly in urban and economic zones. Conversely, the NDVI and WET indices showed a positive correlation, indicating a constructive impact on the local ecological landscape. This study will assist policymakers in formulating strategies for ecological conservation to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) and implement the Chattogram Metropolitan Master Plan (2020–2041).</p>

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Land use Transition and Ecological Consequences: A Spatiotemporal Analysis in South-Eastern Bangladesh

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月2日

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  • Md. Riyadul Haque,
  • Muhammad Moniruzzaman,
  • Arman,
  • Md. Rakibul Hasan,
  • Tuhin Lat,
  • Nasima Kabir,
  • Md. Jahangir Sarker,
  • Leonard Tijing,
  • Ho Kyong Shon,
  • Daniel A. Ayejoto,
  • Mohd Yawar Ali Khan,
  • Mohammad Mahbub Kabir

摘要

Urban and economic growth around the world have rapidly degraded the ecosystem and environmental quality. Chattogram, a renowned city in Bangladesh known for its scenic environment, has experienced significant urban growth, which has degraded the environmental and ecological quality to the greatest extent. To investigate this issue, we assessed the Chattogram Metropolitan Area (CMA)’s ecological quality using the remote sensing-based ecological index (RSEI), incorporating four ecological indices such as heat index (LST), wetness (WET), dryness (NDBSI), and vegetation index (NDVI) through principal component analysis (PCA) and random forest (RF) model to analyze land use transitions (LUTs) using an advanced google earth engine (GEE). The PCA1 accounted for 80% of the dataset, delving into the highly significant features. Land use and land cover classes (LULCs) showed a gradual expansion of urban areas over the last two decades, indicating socio-economic progress. The urban area expanded from 34.08 km² in 2003 to 101.99 km² in 2023, an increase of 67.91 km² over 20 years, with an annual expansion rate of 2.34 km²/year. The RSEI values remained consistently > 0.6, indicating good ecological levels, primarily due to sustainable urban planning. RSEI negatively correlated with LST and NDBSI, suggesting a detrimental influence, particularly in urban and economic zones. Conversely, the NDVI and WET indices showed a positive correlation, indicating a constructive impact on the local ecological landscape. This study will assist policymakers in formulating strategies for ecological conservation to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) and implement the Chattogram Metropolitan Master Plan (2020–2041).