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<p>Groundwater in the semi-arid Kalaburagi district, Karnataka, India is co-contaminated by perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), heavy metals (Cr(VI), As(V)), pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine, ciprofloxacin), and natural organic matter (NOM), posing serious public health risks. Incorporating a magnesium metal-organic framework (Mg-MOF-74) based hybrid nanofiltration membrane consisted of a Mg-MOF-74/polyethylenimine–trimesoyl chloride (PEI-TMC) selective layer on polysulfone support with a laser-induced graphene-nickel (LIG-Ni) catalytic interlayer under electro-assistance (2.5&#xa0;V, 4&#xa0;bar), we demonstrate multi-contaminant removal through cooperative interactions of Mg-MOF-74 (via Lewis acid-site adsorption and molecular sieving), positively charged PEI-TMC layer (Donnan exclusion), LIG-Ni electrode (Fenton-like catalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals), and electric field (electrophoretic migration and fouling reduction).Rejection efficiencies under optimized conditions were 98.7% for PFHxA, 96.4% for Cr(VI), 94.8% for As(V), 91.3% for carbamazepine, 89.6% for ciprofloxacin, and 87.2% for NOM. Membrane fouling was reduced by 67% compared to conventional NF; specific energy consumption was 0.85 kWh m⁻³. Field validation was done at two bore well sites near Kalaburagi for 45 days and both samples conform to IS 10500:2012 with treatment costs at ₹0.78/m3. Life cycle assessment revealed the global warming potential was 57% lower than reverse osmosis methods. Global warming potential can be further decreased to 0.45&#xa0;kg CO2-eq/m3 if solar photovoltaic renewable power is used.</p>

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Metal-Organic Framework-Engineered Electro-Assisted Nanofiltration for Multi-contaminant Groundwater Treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • K. Rashmi,
  • D. Sreenivasulu,
  • M. Nagaraj,
  • H. T. Avinash

摘要

Groundwater in the semi-arid Kalaburagi district, Karnataka, India is co-contaminated by perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), heavy metals (Cr(VI), As(V)), pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine, ciprofloxacin), and natural organic matter (NOM), posing serious public health risks. Incorporating a magnesium metal-organic framework (Mg-MOF-74) based hybrid nanofiltration membrane consisted of a Mg-MOF-74/polyethylenimine–trimesoyl chloride (PEI-TMC) selective layer on polysulfone support with a laser-induced graphene-nickel (LIG-Ni) catalytic interlayer under electro-assistance (2.5 V, 4 bar), we demonstrate multi-contaminant removal through cooperative interactions of Mg-MOF-74 (via Lewis acid-site adsorption and molecular sieving), positively charged PEI-TMC layer (Donnan exclusion), LIG-Ni electrode (Fenton-like catalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals), and electric field (electrophoretic migration and fouling reduction).Rejection efficiencies under optimized conditions were 98.7% for PFHxA, 96.4% for Cr(VI), 94.8% for As(V), 91.3% for carbamazepine, 89.6% for ciprofloxacin, and 87.2% for NOM. Membrane fouling was reduced by 67% compared to conventional NF; specific energy consumption was 0.85 kWh m⁻³. Field validation was done at two bore well sites near Kalaburagi for 45 days and both samples conform to IS 10500:2012 with treatment costs at ₹0.78/m3. Life cycle assessment revealed the global warming potential was 57% lower than reverse osmosis methods. Global warming potential can be further decreased to 0.45 kg CO2-eq/m3 if solar photovoltaic renewable power is used.