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<p><?tk 4?>This study incorporates major ion chemistry, trace elements (Li, Br, B, Sr), stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O and δD) characteristics, and hydrogeochemical modelling to understand the salinization and seawater intrusion process in coastal alluvial aquifer zones of eastern India. TDS concentrations in groundwater ranged from (52 − 5,390) mg/l, and 41% groundwater samples exceeded (&gt; 1000) mg/l, with Na⁺- Cl⁻ type water being the dominant facies. Stable isotope values (δ¹⁸O, δ²H) vary from − 7.03 to − 2.21‰ and − 48.82 to − 14.41‰, respectively and enriched isotope values associated with higher TDS indicate seawater mixing aided by evaporation processes as evidenced by d-excess. Hydrogeochemical evolution and seawater mixing processes are further explained by the ionic ratios (Na⁺/Cl⁻, Br⁻/Cl<sup>−</sup>), HFE-diagram and correlation analysis (Cl<sup>−</sup> with Br<sup>−</sup>, Li<sup>+</sup>, B, Sr). The Entropy Water Quality Index (EWQI) method indicates 54% samples are unsuitable for human consumption and are found on the north and northeast sides adjacent to river channels. Results indicate that lithology acts as natural barrier clay at certain depth protecting the shallow aquifers from seawater intrusion near the coast, making a novel finding of this study. The upper shallow aquifer is dominated by sand dunes along the coast, which acts as a freshwater reservoir near the coast. However, due to the tidal river, the quality of groundwater is deteriorating due to the inundation of saline water in low lying region. This study highlights the importance of natural barriers in protecting the freshwater resources and can help to understand groundwater dynamics in similar coastal locations.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Integration of Hydrochemistry and Salinization Tracers (Li, Br, B, Sr) with Stable Isotope Signatures for Identification of Seawater Intrusion Coupled with EWQI in a Coastal Aquifer of Eastern India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月27日

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  • Bharat Moharana,
  • Atulya Kumar Mohanty,
  • Devender Kumar,
  • B. Kiran Kumar,
  • G. Sravya Sai,
  • K. Rama Mohan,
  • Ratnakar Dhakate,
  • Sateesh Chandrapuri,
  • Kadari Ramaswamy,
  • Sheelabhadra Mohanty

摘要

This study incorporates major ion chemistry, trace elements (Li, Br, B, Sr), stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O and δD) characteristics, and hydrogeochemical modelling to understand the salinization and seawater intrusion process in coastal alluvial aquifer zones of eastern India. TDS concentrations in groundwater ranged from (52 − 5,390) mg/l, and 41% groundwater samples exceeded (> 1000) mg/l, with Na⁺- Cl⁻ type water being the dominant facies. Stable isotope values (δ¹⁸O, δ²H) vary from − 7.03 to − 2.21‰ and − 48.82 to − 14.41‰, respectively and enriched isotope values associated with higher TDS indicate seawater mixing aided by evaporation processes as evidenced by d-excess. Hydrogeochemical evolution and seawater mixing processes are further explained by the ionic ratios (Na⁺/Cl⁻, Br⁻/Cl−), HFE-diagram and correlation analysis (Cl− with Br−, Li+, B, Sr). The Entropy Water Quality Index (EWQI) method indicates 54% samples are unsuitable for human consumption and are found on the north and northeast sides adjacent to river channels. Results indicate that lithology acts as natural barrier clay at certain depth protecting the shallow aquifers from seawater intrusion near the coast, making a novel finding of this study. The upper shallow aquifer is dominated by sand dunes along the coast, which acts as a freshwater reservoir near the coast. However, due to the tidal river, the quality of groundwater is deteriorating due to the inundation of saline water in low lying region. This study highlights the importance of natural barriers in protecting the freshwater resources and can help to understand groundwater dynamics in similar coastal locations.

Graphical Abstract