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<p>This study presents a multi-parameter spatio-temporal assessment of hydro-ecological shifts, aiming to trace the impacts of anthropogenic pressure in a highly altered and economically important river basin in eastern India i.e. the Brahmani-Baitarani River basin (BBRB) from 2000 to 2024. The basin experienced a 26% population rise, 74% built-up expansion, and a fourfold increase in per capita CO₂ emissions, surpassing both national and global averages. Despite stable water balance and water storage trends, river discharge has declined, suggesting high human stress on the surface water resources. Ecologically, chlorophyll-a (chl-a) (Sen’s slope = − 0.061), Normalized difference turbidity index (NDTI) (Sen’s slope = − 0.001), and Particulate organic carbon (POC) (Sen’s slope = − 27.34) show significant reduction trends at the mouth-estuary, indicating potential disruption of the food web at the Bhitarkanika reserve forest (BRF). The study finds that nutrient stress and ecological degradation around BRF reflects in the rising saltwater crocodile (SWC)-Human conflicts, as it correlates strongly with declining river discharge (<i>r</i> = − 0.55), NDTI (<i>r</i> = − 0.65), chl-a (<i>r</i> = − 0.63), and POC (<i>r</i> = − 0.56). The study also finds that the fish capture declined by ~ 41% (at Jajpur) and ~ 59% (at Bhadrak), triggering artificial restocking. Further the projected warming and rainfall variability under SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios indicate towards intensification of these trends. These findings emphasize on the urgency of basin-scale governance adaptation aligned with global frameworks such as the SDGs, the Paris Agreement, and IPCC’s climate-resilient development goals for sustaining the BBRB’s hydro-ecological future.</p>

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A Multi-parameter Analysis of Hydro-ecological Shifts in an Anthropogenically Altered River Basin in Eastern India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Dibya Jyoti Mohanty,
  • Jajnaseni Rout

摘要

This study presents a multi-parameter spatio-temporal assessment of hydro-ecological shifts, aiming to trace the impacts of anthropogenic pressure in a highly altered and economically important river basin in eastern India i.e. the Brahmani-Baitarani River basin (BBRB) from 2000 to 2024. The basin experienced a 26% population rise, 74% built-up expansion, and a fourfold increase in per capita CO₂ emissions, surpassing both national and global averages. Despite stable water balance and water storage trends, river discharge has declined, suggesting high human stress on the surface water resources. Ecologically, chlorophyll-a (chl-a) (Sen’s slope = − 0.061), Normalized difference turbidity index (NDTI) (Sen’s slope = − 0.001), and Particulate organic carbon (POC) (Sen’s slope = − 27.34) show significant reduction trends at the mouth-estuary, indicating potential disruption of the food web at the Bhitarkanika reserve forest (BRF). The study finds that nutrient stress and ecological degradation around BRF reflects in the rising saltwater crocodile (SWC)-Human conflicts, as it correlates strongly with declining river discharge (r = − 0.55), NDTI (r = − 0.65), chl-a (r = − 0.63), and POC (r = − 0.56). The study also finds that the fish capture declined by ~ 41% (at Jajpur) and ~ 59% (at Bhadrak), triggering artificial restocking. Further the projected warming and rainfall variability under SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios indicate towards intensification of these trends. These findings emphasize on the urgency of basin-scale governance adaptation aligned with global frameworks such as the SDGs, the Paris Agreement, and IPCC’s climate-resilient development goals for sustaining the BBRB’s hydro-ecological future.