Scholarlink

<p>Heavy metal (HM) pollution is a global environmental concern which reduces agricultural production and posses’ various health hazards in humans. HMs enter the food chain via plants where it dismantles various plant functions viz., photosystem second (PSII), leaf gas exchange, membrane integrity, nutrient homeostasis etc. Plant cells detoxify the adverse reactions of HM stress by metal chelation and vacuolar sequestration using phytochelatins (PCs) and metallothioneins (MTs), escalation of anti-oxidative machinery (enzymatic and non-enzymatic), regulation of metal intake by transporters and miRNA. A total of nine HMs viz., chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) were selected for this review. We used Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct to search the literature and analyze 678 papers from 1995 to 2025 in order to shed light on the worldwide state and research trends of HM contamination. Data analysis showed that during this time, Cd, Pb, and As were the main subjects of research. The current study examined four key areas, taking into account a number of recent studies: (a) the effects of different HMs on various plant physiological, biochemical, and cellular processes; (b) the function of different plant mechanisms to detoxify particular HM; (c) an overview of some remediation techniques used to lessen HM stress; and (d) the role of genetic engineering to create transgenic plants with improved HM tolerance traits. This review amalgamates all four concepts into one. The data analyzed can serve as a guide for future research paths, and the current study offers a deeper knowledge in the study of HM pollution.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Heavy Metal Stress: Recent Insights on Toxicity and Adaptive Strategies in Plants—A Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

查看全文
  • Khan Bilal Mukhtar Ahmed,
  • Nausheen Khanam,
  • Husna Siddiqui,
  • Md Ramjan

摘要

Heavy metal (HM) pollution is a global environmental concern which reduces agricultural production and posses’ various health hazards in humans. HMs enter the food chain via plants where it dismantles various plant functions viz., photosystem second (PSII), leaf gas exchange, membrane integrity, nutrient homeostasis etc. Plant cells detoxify the adverse reactions of HM stress by metal chelation and vacuolar sequestration using phytochelatins (PCs) and metallothioneins (MTs), escalation of anti-oxidative machinery (enzymatic and non-enzymatic), regulation of metal intake by transporters and miRNA. A total of nine HMs viz., chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) were selected for this review. We used Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct to search the literature and analyze 678 papers from 1995 to 2025 in order to shed light on the worldwide state and research trends of HM contamination. Data analysis showed that during this time, Cd, Pb, and As were the main subjects of research. The current study examined four key areas, taking into account a number of recent studies: (a) the effects of different HMs on various plant physiological, biochemical, and cellular processes; (b) the function of different plant mechanisms to detoxify particular HM; (c) an overview of some remediation techniques used to lessen HM stress; and (d) the role of genetic engineering to create transgenic plants with improved HM tolerance traits. This review amalgamates all four concepts into one. The data analyzed can serve as a guide for future research paths, and the current study offers a deeper knowledge in the study of HM pollution.

Graphical Abstract