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<p>Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic drug which is generally present in traces in the hospital waste water. When discharged into the open streams, it contaminates water sources, leading to biomagnification. Microporous Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-modified orange peel waste Biochar composites (CBCs) were prepared and investigated for the adsorptive removal of Ibuprofen traces from the lab simulated hospital waste water. Three different magnetic Biochar-magnetite nano-composites (CBC-2, CBC-5, CBC-10) were prepared to study their application for removing ibuprofen from wastewater sources. Orange peel biochar magnetite was characterized using various elemental analysis methods, including SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR and BET surface area and pore size measurements. Rate of removal of ibuprofen from a simulated waste water sample for CBC-10 will be maximum with ~ 95% removal efficiency required neutral pH and temperature 307&#xa0;K. The ibuprofen initial concentration in sample was 100 mg.L<sup>− 1</sup>, which reduced to ~ 5 mg.L<sup>− 1</sup> resultant gave agitation speed (200&#xa0;rpm), adsorbent dose (30&#xa0;mg), contact time (60&#xa0;min.), pH (7.0), and temp (307&#xa0;K).). The maximum adsorption capacities (<i>Q</i><sub><i>max</i></sub>) were 116.82, 175.13, 148.15, and 127.23&#xa0;mg·g⁻¹ for AC, CBC-10, CBC-5, and CBC-2, respectively further confirming the excellent uptake potential of the newly developed CBC composites. This data will best be fitted into Langmuir theorem, and the overall reaction will follow Pseudo second order kinetics. The good model fittings and obtained <i>Q</i><sub><i>max</i></sub> values are &gt; 100 mg.g<sup>− 1</sup>, clearly reflecting the high monolayer adsorption capacity of the prepared materials. The present investigation emphasizes the feasibility of TMO (Transition metal oxide) modified CBC-10 as a most efficient and excellent bioadsorbent for the removal of a non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen from contaminated waste water. The results of this study will reveal the efficiency of biochar in scalable production and experimental application on a large scale.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Kinetic and Thermodynamic Assessment of Fe3O4/Biochar Composites for Adsorption of Aqueous Ibuprofen Traces

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月10日

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  • Mansi Sharma,
  • Ankur Jain,
  • Mahesh Baboo,
  • Kriti Shrivasava

摘要

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic drug which is generally present in traces in the hospital waste water. When discharged into the open streams, it contaminates water sources, leading to biomagnification. Microporous Fe3O4-modified orange peel waste Biochar composites (CBCs) were prepared and investigated for the adsorptive removal of Ibuprofen traces from the lab simulated hospital waste water. Three different magnetic Biochar-magnetite nano-composites (CBC-2, CBC-5, CBC-10) were prepared to study their application for removing ibuprofen from wastewater sources. Orange peel biochar magnetite was characterized using various elemental analysis methods, including SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR and BET surface area and pore size measurements. Rate of removal of ibuprofen from a simulated waste water sample for CBC-10 will be maximum with ~ 95% removal efficiency required neutral pH and temperature 307 K. The ibuprofen initial concentration in sample was 100 mg.L− 1, which reduced to ~ 5 mg.L− 1 resultant gave agitation speed (200 rpm), adsorbent dose (30 mg), contact time (60 min.), pH (7.0), and temp (307 K).). The maximum adsorption capacities (Qmax) were 116.82, 175.13, 148.15, and 127.23 mg·g⁻¹ for AC, CBC-10, CBC-5, and CBC-2, respectively further confirming the excellent uptake potential of the newly developed CBC composites. This data will best be fitted into Langmuir theorem, and the overall reaction will follow Pseudo second order kinetics. The good model fittings and obtained Qmax values are > 100 mg.g− 1, clearly reflecting the high monolayer adsorption capacity of the prepared materials. The present investigation emphasizes the feasibility of TMO (Transition metal oxide) modified CBC-10 as a most efficient and excellent bioadsorbent for the removal of a non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen from contaminated waste water. The results of this study will reveal the efficiency of biochar in scalable production and experimental application on a large scale.

Graphical Abstract