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<p>Chromium (Cr) in electroplating wastewater poses significant environmental risks, prompting interest in heavy metal-tolerant bacteria for efficient biosorption and removal. This bioremediation approach offers a safe and sustainable solution for managing industrial pollution. This study investigates the physico-chemical, heavy metal and microbiological characteristics of effluent and soil samples from seven electroplating industries in Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Effluent samples exhibited acidic values of pH which ranged from 0.83 to 4.41, with significant organic contamination indicated by high levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD), far exceeding Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) permissible limits. Heavy metal analysis of effluents revealed alarming concentrations, particularly of chromium (Cr), showing levels up to 23,763&#xa0;mg/L. Soil samples also indicated heavy metal accumulation, notably Cr at 820&#xa0;mg/kg. Microbiological analysis revealed total plate counts in effluents between 2.67 and 7.08 log CFU/mL, with significant variability among industries. Six metal-resistant bacterial isolates were identified, with the highest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for chromium resistance recorded in isolate UN1 (620&#xa0;mg/L) followed by LH1 (600&#xa0;mg/L) The growth kinetics of these isolates under chromium stress indicated resilience, with UN1 (<i>Alcaligenes faecalis</i>) and LH1(<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) showing the highest growth rates even in the presence of Cr (VI). Chromium remediation studies demonstrated that isolate UN1 achieved a maximum Cr (VI) removal efficiency of 88.90% after 120&#xa0;h of incubation, while isolate LH1 exhibited a corresponding Cr (VI) removal efficiency of 86.64%. Further bioremediation potential was evaluated through various treatments, including pH adjustment and minimal media supplementation, yielding substantial reductions in heavy metal concentrations. Overall, this research highlights the pressing need for effective wastewater treatment methods in electroplating industries and showcases the potential of chromium-resistant bacterial isolates as viable candidates for bioremediation strategies to reduce the heavy metal level of industrial effluents to permissible limit of discharge in water bodies.</p>

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Insights into In-vitro Evaluation of Bacterial Strains for Hexavalent Chromium (Cr VI) Remediation in Electroplating Industry Effluents

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月14日

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  • Simranpreet Kaur Natt,
  • Priya Katyal,
  • Sumita Chandel

摘要

Chromium (Cr) in electroplating wastewater poses significant environmental risks, prompting interest in heavy metal-tolerant bacteria for efficient biosorption and removal. This bioremediation approach offers a safe and sustainable solution for managing industrial pollution. This study investigates the physico-chemical, heavy metal and microbiological characteristics of effluent and soil samples from seven electroplating industries in Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Effluent samples exhibited acidic values of pH which ranged from 0.83 to 4.41, with significant organic contamination indicated by high levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD), far exceeding Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) permissible limits. Heavy metal analysis of effluents revealed alarming concentrations, particularly of chromium (Cr), showing levels up to 23,763 mg/L. Soil samples also indicated heavy metal accumulation, notably Cr at 820 mg/kg. Microbiological analysis revealed total plate counts in effluents between 2.67 and 7.08 log CFU/mL, with significant variability among industries. Six metal-resistant bacterial isolates were identified, with the highest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for chromium resistance recorded in isolate UN1 (620 mg/L) followed by LH1 (600 mg/L) The growth kinetics of these isolates under chromium stress indicated resilience, with UN1 (Alcaligenes faecalis) and LH1(Pseudomonas aeruginosa) showing the highest growth rates even in the presence of Cr (VI). Chromium remediation studies demonstrated that isolate UN1 achieved a maximum Cr (VI) removal efficiency of 88.90% after 120 h of incubation, while isolate LH1 exhibited a corresponding Cr (VI) removal efficiency of 86.64%. Further bioremediation potential was evaluated through various treatments, including pH adjustment and minimal media supplementation, yielding substantial reductions in heavy metal concentrations. Overall, this research highlights the pressing need for effective wastewater treatment methods in electroplating industries and showcases the potential of chromium-resistant bacterial isolates as viable candidates for bioremediation strategies to reduce the heavy metal level of industrial effluents to permissible limit of discharge in water bodies.