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<p>The growing concern over environmental pollution and the need for sustainable waste management solutions has led to the exploration of eco-friendly approaches for wastewater treatment. This study investigates the potential of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i>, a commonly found green macroalgae, as a precursor for biochar synthesis and its application in wastewater treatment. Through a sustainable and green synthesis process, biochar was successfully produced from <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> biomass via pyrolysis, utilizing low-temperature conditions (350&#xa0;°C) to minimize energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The produced biochar was characterized using various analytical techniques to assess its physicochemical properties, including surface area (83.6&#xa0;m²/g), pore size distribution, elemental composition, and surface functional groups. Furthermore, the efficacy of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i>-derived biochar in wastewater treatment was evaluated through batch adsorption experiments, focusing on removing organic contaminants such as safranin dye and heavy metals including Cd, Pb, and Ag from aqueous solutions. The biochar demonstrated high removal efficiencies: 80% for Cd, 99% for Pb, and 85.3% for Ag. This study is the first to report the application of low-temperature Caulerpa-derived biochar in real domestic wastewater treatment, emphasizing its novelty and eco-efficiency. The results demonstrate the promising adsorption capacity of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i>-derived biochar for pollutant removal, highlighting its potential as an eco-friendly and sustainable adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on utilizing natural resources for environmental remediation and emphasizes the importance of sustainable approaches in addressing water pollution challenges.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Innovative Green Synthesis of Biochar from Seaweed Caulerpa lentillifera for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月3日

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  • Reham Gamal,
  • Hadeer Mohammed,
  • Hadeer Taha,
  • Nader Saad Elsayed,
  • Ola Kh. Shalaby,
  • Khaled Elsayed

摘要

The growing concern over environmental pollution and the need for sustainable waste management solutions has led to the exploration of eco-friendly approaches for wastewater treatment. This study investigates the potential of Caulerpa lentillifera, a commonly found green macroalgae, as a precursor for biochar synthesis and its application in wastewater treatment. Through a sustainable and green synthesis process, biochar was successfully produced from Caulerpa lentillifera biomass via pyrolysis, utilizing low-temperature conditions (350 °C) to minimize energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The produced biochar was characterized using various analytical techniques to assess its physicochemical properties, including surface area (83.6 m²/g), pore size distribution, elemental composition, and surface functional groups. Furthermore, the efficacy of Caulerpa lentillifera-derived biochar in wastewater treatment was evaluated through batch adsorption experiments, focusing on removing organic contaminants such as safranin dye and heavy metals including Cd, Pb, and Ag from aqueous solutions. The biochar demonstrated high removal efficiencies: 80% for Cd, 99% for Pb, and 85.3% for Ag. This study is the first to report the application of low-temperature Caulerpa-derived biochar in real domestic wastewater treatment, emphasizing its novelty and eco-efficiency. The results demonstrate the promising adsorption capacity of Caulerpa lentillifera-derived biochar for pollutant removal, highlighting its potential as an eco-friendly and sustainable adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on utilizing natural resources for environmental remediation and emphasizes the importance of sustainable approaches in addressing water pollution challenges.

Graphical Abstract