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<p>This research experiment consisted of two irrigation treatments viz. canal water (I<sub>1</sub>; EC = 0.30 dS/m) and saline water (I<sub>2</sub>; EC = 8.0 dS/m); and eight fertilizer/manure treatments, viz. T<sub>1</sub>: control, T<sub>2</sub>: farm yard manure (FYM) 10 t/ha, T<sub>3</sub>: sewage sludge (SS) 5 t/ha, T<sub>4</sub>: 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), T<sub>5</sub>: 75% RDF + 10 t/ha FYM + ST-3 (<i>Azotobacter</i>), T<sub>6</sub>: 75% RDF + 5 t/ha SS + ST-3, T<sub>7</sub>: 100% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) + 75% P &amp; K + 10 t/ha FYM + ST-3, T<sub>8</sub>: 100% RDN + 75% P &amp; K + 5 t/ha SS + ST-3. Results revealed that microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and soil enzymatic activity were significantly higher with I<sub>1</sub> compared to I<sub>2</sub>. MBC and soil enzymes were reported significantly higher with T<sub>7</sub> compared to control at sowing, after 55 DAS and at harvesting stage. Increasing salinity of irrigation water significantly increased the heavy metals in various plant parts of cotton and wheat. Heavy metals were significantly higher in cotton and wheat with T<sub>8</sub> compared to control. The trend of heavy metals was Pb &gt; Co &gt; Ni &gt; Cd &gt; Cr in cotton seed and wheat grain. The mantel test revealed the significant correlation of MBC and MBN with grain NPK content. Cotton and wheat yield was significantly higher with application of T<sub>4</sub> compared to control. The study found no significant difference in most agronomic and yield parameters between T<sub>4</sub> and T<sub>7</sub>. It also concluded that combining organic manures with chemical fertilizers improves soil microbiological properties, fertility and plant nutrition.</p>

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Impact of Farm Yard Manure, Sewage Sludge and Fertilizer Levels on Soil Fertility, Enzymatic Activity, Cotton-Wheat Nutrition and Heavy Metal Accumulation Under Saline Water Irrigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月12日

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  • Charan Singh,
  • Ram Prakash,
  • Rakesh Kumar,
  • Sachin Kumari,
  • Gayatri Kumari

摘要

This research experiment consisted of two irrigation treatments viz. canal water (I1; EC = 0.30 dS/m) and saline water (I2; EC = 8.0 dS/m); and eight fertilizer/manure treatments, viz. T1: control, T2: farm yard manure (FYM) 10 t/ha, T3: sewage sludge (SS) 5 t/ha, T4: 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), T5: 75% RDF + 10 t/ha FYM + ST-3 (Azotobacter), T6: 75% RDF + 5 t/ha SS + ST-3, T7: 100% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) + 75% P & K + 10 t/ha FYM + ST-3, T8: 100% RDN + 75% P & K + 5 t/ha SS + ST-3. Results revealed that microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and soil enzymatic activity were significantly higher with I1 compared to I2. MBC and soil enzymes were reported significantly higher with T7 compared to control at sowing, after 55 DAS and at harvesting stage. Increasing salinity of irrigation water significantly increased the heavy metals in various plant parts of cotton and wheat. Heavy metals were significantly higher in cotton and wheat with T8 compared to control. The trend of heavy metals was Pb > Co > Ni > Cd > Cr in cotton seed and wheat grain. The mantel test revealed the significant correlation of MBC and MBN with grain NPK content. Cotton and wheat yield was significantly higher with application of T4 compared to control. The study found no significant difference in most agronomic and yield parameters between T4 and T7. It also concluded that combining organic manures with chemical fertilizers improves soil microbiological properties, fertility and plant nutrition.