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<p>The current study assesses the ecological risk and pollution levels of Vembanad Lake and the rivers that feed it, focusing particular attention to the concentration, spatial&#xa0;distribution and risk&#xa0;of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the sediments and water. The Perkin Elmer-PinAAcle 900AA Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used to analyse the PTEs concentrations in study area during pre-monsoon and post monsoon seasons. The pollution by Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Zn was assessed using the recommended sediment quality guideline issued by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). To determine the anthropogenic influence of potentially toxic elements on the ecosystem, several metrics were computed, including the pollution load index (PLI), ecological risk factor (Eri), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), and statistical analyses (Pearson's Correlation). Findings showed that most metals peaked in the post-monsoon season at their highest average concentration. The northern Vembanad Lake has the highest level of potentially toxic elements contamination, while the southern Vembanad Lake has lower levels of contamination, Moreover, the rivers that drain into the northern half of Vembanad Lake have higher quantities of potentially toxic elements than the rivers that flow into the southern part of the lake. River contributions to potentially toxic elements in lake were as follows: Periyar (PE) &gt; Muvattupuzha (MO) &gt; Meenachil (ME) &gt; Manimala (MA) &gt; Pamba (PA) &gt; Achancovil (AC). The PLI results show that the sediment samples from Vembanad Lake and the Periyar River are contaminated since their PLI values are more than 1 for both seasons. The majority of the potentially toxic elements have strong positive correlations (r &gt; 0.8) that point to similar origins. The aforementioned results underscore the vital necessity of ongoing surveillance and efficient administration to safeguard the ecological integrity of lakes. A sustainable management of the aquatic ecology in the research region will be facilitated by the findings of this study.</p>

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Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements Contamination in Water and Sediments from Vembanad Lake, Kerala, India: In Accounts with the Influence of its Major In Flow Rivers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月9日

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  • Anju Maria Joseph,
  • Marimuthu Suresh Gandhi

摘要

The current study assesses the ecological risk and pollution levels of Vembanad Lake and the rivers that feed it, focusing particular attention to the concentration, spatial distribution and risk of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the sediments and water. The Perkin Elmer-PinAAcle 900AA Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used to analyse the PTEs concentrations in study area during pre-monsoon and post monsoon seasons. The pollution by Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Zn was assessed using the recommended sediment quality guideline issued by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). To determine the anthropogenic influence of potentially toxic elements on the ecosystem, several metrics were computed, including the pollution load index (PLI), ecological risk factor (Eri), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), and statistical analyses (Pearson's Correlation). Findings showed that most metals peaked in the post-monsoon season at their highest average concentration. The northern Vembanad Lake has the highest level of potentially toxic elements contamination, while the southern Vembanad Lake has lower levels of contamination, Moreover, the rivers that drain into the northern half of Vembanad Lake have higher quantities of potentially toxic elements than the rivers that flow into the southern part of the lake. River contributions to potentially toxic elements in lake were as follows: Periyar (PE) > Muvattupuzha (MO) > Meenachil (ME) > Manimala (MA) > Pamba (PA) > Achancovil (AC). The PLI results show that the sediment samples from Vembanad Lake and the Periyar River are contaminated since their PLI values are more than 1 for both seasons. The majority of the potentially toxic elements have strong positive correlations (r > 0.8) that point to similar origins. The aforementioned results underscore the vital necessity of ongoing surveillance and efficient administration to safeguard the ecological integrity of lakes. A sustainable management of the aquatic ecology in the research region will be facilitated by the findings of this study.