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<p>Religious gender norms are among the key factors in maintaining patriarchal gender relations. Their critique has therefore been a&#xa0;central component of radical feminism. However, with the increasing blending of religious and social science perspectives, as well as through postmodern identity politics, religion is often reduced to an aspect of identity in contemporary analysis.</p><p>In contrast, this article argues for a&#xa0;Critical Theory of religion and gender order that understands gender relations as the result of a&#xa0;dialectic between economic and religious factors. Such a&#xa0;socio-theoretical approach must systematically address also the normative dimensions of religion and integrate them into its analysis.</p><p>To this end, key elements that such a&#xa0;theory must include are identified and concretized along various life stages: for example, the definition and inscription into religious collectives, religiously normative education and division of labor, the separation of public and private spheres, dress and covering regulations, the religious normation of sexuality and reproduction, codified rules on marriage, divorce, and custody, differences in dying and inheritance, and selective religious memory and historiography.</p><p>The article is based on an empirical research project on the intersections of religion, gender, and the law, which included expert interviews conducted in nine European countries and within various religious communities. Building on this, new theoretical reflections are developed on vulnerability and visibility within structures of violence—especially with regard to existing gaps in the representation of victims of violence.</p>

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Religiöse Gendernormen, Identität und Repräsentation. Für eine Kritische Theorie von Religion und Geschlechterverhältnissen

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月15日

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  • Petra Klug

摘要

Religious gender norms are among the key factors in maintaining patriarchal gender relations. Their critique has therefore been a central component of radical feminism. However, with the increasing blending of religious and social science perspectives, as well as through postmodern identity politics, religion is often reduced to an aspect of identity in contemporary analysis.

In contrast, this article argues for a Critical Theory of religion and gender order that understands gender relations as the result of a dialectic between economic and religious factors. Such a socio-theoretical approach must systematically address also the normative dimensions of religion and integrate them into its analysis.

To this end, key elements that such a theory must include are identified and concretized along various life stages: for example, the definition and inscription into religious collectives, religiously normative education and division of labor, the separation of public and private spheres, dress and covering regulations, the religious normation of sexuality and reproduction, codified rules on marriage, divorce, and custody, differences in dying and inheritance, and selective religious memory and historiography.

The article is based on an empirical research project on the intersections of religion, gender, and the law, which included expert interviews conducted in nine European countries and within various religious communities. Building on this, new theoretical reflections are developed on vulnerability and visibility within structures of violence—especially with regard to existing gaps in the representation of victims of violence.