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<p>The southern region of the Valley of Mexico was the scene of the development of one of the most productive agricultural systems, the <i>chinampa</i>, used from pre-Hispanic times to the present. The Xochimilco-Chalco subbasin is an area with a long history of <i>chinampa</i> agricultural production. During an archaeological excavation of the El Japón site, San Gregorio Atlapulco in Xochimilco, an osteological sample was recovered in which the distribution pattern of external auditory exostoses (EAE) by age and sex of the ancient inhabitants of Lake Xochimilco was analyzed, selecting 125 individuals with the temporal bone that allowed for EAE morphoscopic recording. The low prevalence, only in men, suggests a specialized activity of ancient inhabitants of San Gregorio Atlapulco, such as diving in the course of the construction and maintenance of hydraulic works, probably also related to the engineering of the <i>chinampas</i>. The presence of EAE in the colonial peasant society of Mexico City is supported by ethnohistoric sources in relation to specialized male activities.</p>

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Historical Bioarchaeology: Auditory Exostoses from the Early Colonial Period of Lake Xochimilco, Mexico City

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月1日

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  • Angélica María Medrano-Enríquez

摘要

The southern region of the Valley of Mexico was the scene of the development of one of the most productive agricultural systems, the chinampa, used from pre-Hispanic times to the present. The Xochimilco-Chalco subbasin is an area with a long history of chinampa agricultural production. During an archaeological excavation of the El Japón site, San Gregorio Atlapulco in Xochimilco, an osteological sample was recovered in which the distribution pattern of external auditory exostoses (EAE) by age and sex of the ancient inhabitants of Lake Xochimilco was analyzed, selecting 125 individuals with the temporal bone that allowed for EAE morphoscopic recording. The low prevalence, only in men, suggests a specialized activity of ancient inhabitants of San Gregorio Atlapulco, such as diving in the course of the construction and maintenance of hydraulic works, probably also related to the engineering of the chinampas. The presence of EAE in the colonial peasant society of Mexico City is supported by ethnohistoric sources in relation to specialized male activities.