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Background <p>The dosimetry of small fields has become extremely important with the advent of stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), where small-field segments are employed to treat tumors. Small-field dose measurement is particularly challenging due to the lack of lateral charged particle equilibrium, as well as detector volume averaging and energy dependence effects.</p> Materials and methods <p>In this context, an inorganic scintillating (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>S:Tb) material plastic optical fiber detector of 1&#xa0;mm outer diameter was developed and tested through different small-fields dosimetric characterization under a 6 MV photon beam delivered by a Varian linear accelerator. The field output factor, percentage depth dose (PDD) and beam profiles were measured using the inorganic scintillator detector (ISD) and compared to a miniature ionization chamber (PTW 31010), an unshielded diode (PTW 60017) and a Gafchromic film dosimetry system.</p> Results <p>The results of this study show that the maximum percentage difference between ISD and commercially detectors in the PDD and beam profile experiments is 2.29% and 2.14% for a 1 × 1&#xa0;cm<sup>2</sup> beam field, respectively, which has a good agreement.</p> Conclusions <p>Although the material of this detector itself is not water-equivalent, it possesses potential for application under small-field conditions, similar to semiconductor dosimeters. Moreover, its structure is more compact and cost-effective compared to semiconductor dosimeters, demonstrating promising potential for future applications in SRT, VMAT, SBRT, SRS, and IMRT.</p>

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The potential of inorganic scintillator detector for high-energy X-ray beam at small-field irradiation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Zhuang Qin,
  • Zi-Yin Chen,
  • Ya-Chen Gao

摘要

Background

The dosimetry of small fields has become extremely important with the advent of stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), where small-field segments are employed to treat tumors. Small-field dose measurement is particularly challenging due to the lack of lateral charged particle equilibrium, as well as detector volume averaging and energy dependence effects.

Materials and methods

In this context, an inorganic scintillating (Gd2O2S:Tb) material plastic optical fiber detector of 1 mm outer diameter was developed and tested through different small-fields dosimetric characterization under a 6 MV photon beam delivered by a Varian linear accelerator. The field output factor, percentage depth dose (PDD) and beam profiles were measured using the inorganic scintillator detector (ISD) and compared to a miniature ionization chamber (PTW 31010), an unshielded diode (PTW 60017) and a Gafchromic film dosimetry system.

Results

The results of this study show that the maximum percentage difference between ISD and commercially detectors in the PDD and beam profile experiments is 2.29% and 2.14% for a 1 × 1 cm2 beam field, respectively, which has a good agreement.

Conclusions

Although the material of this detector itself is not water-equivalent, it possesses potential for application under small-field conditions, similar to semiconductor dosimeters. Moreover, its structure is more compact and cost-effective compared to semiconductor dosimeters, demonstrating promising potential for future applications in SRT, VMAT, SBRT, SRS, and IMRT.