Cultural Pathways to Islamic Conversion Among (Afro-)Latin Americans: African Memory, Hip-Hop, and the Negotiation of New Muslim Identity
摘要
In the context of Brazil and Colombia, this article examines a specific form of Islamic conversion among (Afro-)Latin Americans that differs from doctrinal or institutionally driven pathways. Rather than emerging primarily from formal religious study or missionary encounters, these conversions are shaped by cultural influences that orient individuals toward Islam and structure their engagement with the faith in contexts where sustained practice is often difficult. The article focuses on two interrelated influences. First, hip-hop and its Black political ethos provide a cultural and ethical framework through which young Afro-descendants articulate identity, social justice, and belonging. Second, engagement with African memory—mediated through diasporic histories of the transatlantic slave trade and symbolic figures such as Malcolm X—offers a lens for reinterpreting personal and collective histories. Drawing on qualitative research, the article addresses two questions: what cultural, historical, and social factors shape these pathways to Islam, and how do converts navigate the challenges of maintaining religious practice, including partial or complete disengagement? The analysis conceptualizes conversion as a form of cultural and identity work rather than a simple adoption of belief. It approaches conversion as a process of subjectivation and moral reorientation, situating these trajectories within Black Atlantic frameworks of memory and diaspora. Hip-hop emerges as a key cultural mediator, functioning both as a site of political expression and as a gateway through which religious and ethical selves are formed.