<p>This research article presents an investigation on the drivers of religious activities engagement among inmates of the Ecuadorian penitentiary system, utilizing data from the universe of inmates’ population as collected in the 2022 Ecuadorian penitentiary census. By employing a probit regression model, the analysis identifies several significant determinants of religious engagement among prisoners like marital status, age, and ethnicity. Furthermore, that religiosity among men is significantly influenced by social expectations and a potential fear of reintegration. In contrast, for women, the passage of time is paramount: as they age or perceive a longer sentence, their involvement in religious activities tends to increase. These findings highlight the influence of cultural and social contexts on inmates' spiritual engagement. The implications of this research emphasize the necessity of developing differentiated religious programs, tailoring interventions to address both personal and contextual barriers encountered by inmates. By doing so, policymakers can create a more supportive environment for rehabilitation, thereby enhancing the prospects for successful reintegration into society.</p>