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Introduction/Data <p>Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) employs red to near-infrared light (600–1000 nm) to promote tissue repair and regeneration without thermal damage. Its potential role in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) has attracted growing attention due to reported benefits in pain relief, wound healing, and recovery enhancement.</p> Data <p>A comprehensive literature search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to synthesize evidence on both biological mechanisms and clinical outcomes of PBMT in OMFS. PBMT enhances mitochondrial function, stimulates ATP production, modulates inflammatory pathways, and promotes angiogenesis and nerve regeneration.</p> Findings <p>Clinically, PBMT has shown promising results in reducing postoperative pain and swelling following third molar surgery, improving trismus in patients after radiotherapy, enhancing neurosensory recovery after nerve injury, and preventing oral mucositis in oncology care. However, outcomes are inconsistent across studies, largely due to heterogeneity in treatment parameters (wavelength, power density, energy dose, session frequency). Some trials report no significant differences when compared with placebo or conventional care, highlighting the need for protocol standardization.</p> Conclusions <p>PBMT represents a safe, non-invasive adjunctive therapy with broad potential in OMFS. Nevertheless, its widespread adoption depends on the development of standardized treatment protocols and validation through multicenter, long-term clinical trials.</p> Clinical significance <p>PBMT may improve postoperative recovery, pain management, and quality of life in OMFS patients, but clinicians should be cautious in interpreting results until consistent evidence-based guidelines are established.</p>

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Photobiomodulation therapy in oral and maxillofacial surgery: narrative review of biological mechanisms and clinical applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Batchu Pavan Kumar,
  • V. Vidya Devi,
  • Shaik Asra Nazreen

摘要

Introduction/Data

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) employs red to near-infrared light (600–1000 nm) to promote tissue repair and regeneration without thermal damage. Its potential role in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) has attracted growing attention due to reported benefits in pain relief, wound healing, and recovery enhancement.

Data

A comprehensive literature search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to synthesize evidence on both biological mechanisms and clinical outcomes of PBMT in OMFS. PBMT enhances mitochondrial function, stimulates ATP production, modulates inflammatory pathways, and promotes angiogenesis and nerve regeneration.

Findings

Clinically, PBMT has shown promising results in reducing postoperative pain and swelling following third molar surgery, improving trismus in patients after radiotherapy, enhancing neurosensory recovery after nerve injury, and preventing oral mucositis in oncology care. However, outcomes are inconsistent across studies, largely due to heterogeneity in treatment parameters (wavelength, power density, energy dose, session frequency). Some trials report no significant differences when compared with placebo or conventional care, highlighting the need for protocol standardization.

Conclusions

PBMT represents a safe, non-invasive adjunctive therapy with broad potential in OMFS. Nevertheless, its widespread adoption depends on the development of standardized treatment protocols and validation through multicenter, long-term clinical trials.

Clinical significance

PBMT may improve postoperative recovery, pain management, and quality of life in OMFS patients, but clinicians should be cautious in interpreting results until consistent evidence-based guidelines are established.