Using laser-activated antimicrobial therapy with ethanol-solubilized methylene blue for enhancing dental disease treatment in diabetic rats

This research sought to determine the efficaciousness of methylene blue, which is solubilized in ethanol, as an additive in treating periodontal disease linked to diabetes mellitus in conjunction with laser-activated antimicrobial therapy.

Streptozotocin was used to generate diabetes mellitus in 320 Wistar rats. After 14 days, some rats were provided with ligatures that caused periodontitis. The animals were split up into various groups: A: (control group negative; without periodontitis); B: (control group positive; untreated periodontitis); C: (treat periodontitis by root planing and scaling); D: (laser-activated antimicrobial therapy, root planing and scaling, and methylene blue dissolved in water are used to treat periodontitis); and E: (laser-activated antimicrobial therapy, root planing and scaling, and methylene blue dissolved in ethanol are used to treat periodontitis). The rats were given the appropriate treatments once the ligatures were taken out after 7 days. Following the rats’ euthanasia, the biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemistry responses were evaluated at 7 and 15 days.

Compared to group B alone, group E displayed reduced VEGF expression and inflammatory levels at 7 and 15 days. Furthermore, after 15 days, only group C showed statistically equal levels of lipid peroxidation to group A. Periodontal healing processes may be favorably impacted by the biostimulatory action of laser-activated antimicrobial therapy. Regardless of the specific methylene blue formulation used, laser-activated antimicrobial therapy can effectively assist and expedite periodontal healing in comparison to root planing and scaling alone.

Because laser-activated antimicrobial therapy has been exposed to reduce oxidative stress, vascular formation, as well as inflammation severity, it may be a more effective treatment choice for periodontitis, particularly in individuals with diabetes.