Middle Muschelkalk facies in the Valencian sector of the Triassic Iberian Basin: implications for the paleogeographic evolution of the central-eastern Iberian platform
摘要
This study examines major outcrops comprising the stratigraphic record of the middle Muschelkalk facies in the Valencian sector of the Triassic Iberian Basin. These outcrops remain poorly understood due to tectonic disruption or diapirism. A palynological assemblage found in the middle Muschelkalk facies of Chelva area corresponds to the Anisian-Ladinian transition, and an assemblage found in lower Keuper facies unit in the same outcrop is here dated as the base of the Julian (early Carnian). Isotope analysis of gypsum (δ34S, δ18O) from the two facies in the whole study area yields values consistent with those obtained in other Triassic basins of Eastern Iberia. In the present work, the two lithologic lateral domains of the middle Muschelkalk in the Valencian sector, “clayey-evaporite” and “marly-carbonate”, are considered to represent a sharp lateral facies change controlled by coeval faulting. The first domain, in the sector’s western-central part of Valencia area, is made up of a middle red-to-variegated claystone unit separating two gray-to-yellowish units formed by respective clay-gypsum alternations. This domain corresponds to an inner subsident evaporitic mudflat formed by a mosaic of mostly sulfate salinas and some sulfate lagoons. The marly-carbonate domain in the easternmost part of the Valencian sector (Calderona and Espadà ridges) is characterized by a lithologic complex (claystones, marls, carbonates, fine-grained siliciclastics and carbonate breccias) in which precise stratigraphic units are difficult to define, likely reflecting variations induced by differential subsidence or synsedimentary tectonic activity. This domain represents a less subsident shallower setting appearing closer to the basin edge. The two domains belong to the Mediterranean type of Triassic defined in Eastern Iberia. We here make a comparison between the middle Muschelkalk succession of the clayey-evaporite domain and that known in the Triassic Catalan Basin.