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<p>This study presents a fractional-order mathematical model for Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) incorporating the Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo (ABC) fractional operator to better capture the disease’s complex dynamics and memory effects. A qualitative analysis is carried out to establish the model’s fundamental properties. An optimal control problem involving vaccination, quarantine, and vector intervention is developed, and the corresponding optimality system is solved numerically using the forward-backward sweep method. Numerical simulations and graphical results are presented to illustrate the impact of fractional-order and control interventions on disease dynamics, highlighting the advantages of the fractional-order framework over classical integer-order models. The finding here provides valuable insights for policymakers and researchers aiming to develop more realistic and efficient control strategies for LSD outbreaks.</p>

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A novel fractional numerical scheme for modeling and control of lumpy skin disease with ABC derivative

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Ritu Agarwal,
  • Pooja Airan

摘要

This study presents a fractional-order mathematical model for Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) incorporating the Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo (ABC) fractional operator to better capture the disease’s complex dynamics and memory effects. A qualitative analysis is carried out to establish the model’s fundamental properties. An optimal control problem involving vaccination, quarantine, and vector intervention is developed, and the corresponding optimality system is solved numerically using the forward-backward sweep method. Numerical simulations and graphical results are presented to illustrate the impact of fractional-order and control interventions on disease dynamics, highlighting the advantages of the fractional-order framework over classical integer-order models. The finding here provides valuable insights for policymakers and researchers aiming to develop more realistic and efficient control strategies for LSD outbreaks.