<p>While working memory training (WMT) has demonstrated promise in mitigating cognitive decline among older adults, its efficacy in addressing age-related challenges in emotion regulation—specifically through cognitive reappraisal (CR)—remains underexplored, particularly in older women. In this research, we conducted two studies to investigate (a) the age-moderated relationship between working memory (WM) updating and CR, and (b) whether WMT could enhance CR in this demographic. In Study I, we assessed WM through a numerical updating task and a 1-back task, as well as CR through an emotion regulation task, involving 101 young women (aged 18–30) and 114 older women (aged 65–85). Study II included 69 older women (aged 65–85), who were randomly assigned to a Training group (<i>n</i> = 22), an Active Control group (<i>n</i> = 22), or a No-contact control group (<i>n</i> = 25), with the Training group completing 20 sessions of adaptive training. Results from Study I indicated that young women outperformed older women on both WM and CR tasks, and age significantly moderated their relationship; a positive WM-CR correlation was identified exclusively in young women. In Study II, only the training group demonstrated significant post-intervention improvements in both WM updating and CR performance compared to the control groups. We conclude that WMT can effectively enhance WM and, crucially, improve CR abilities in older women, thereby positioning it as a viable intervention for age-related emotional dysregulation.</p>