Design of a Frequency Meter Based on Low-cost Current and Voltage Sensors and Securing Electrical Installations of Buildings Against Fires

Electrical safety in buildings has become a focus of the scientific and engineering community due to the immense damage caused by electrical loads. These latter are mainly responsible for the inconveniences observed most of the time in electrical installations. This paper proposes a system for monitoring the behavior of electrical contacts is proposed based on the acquisition of electrical parameters such as voltage, current, and frequency. This system monitors the behavioral state of electrical contacts (switches) to make a better choice for reducing damage caused by electrical loads. This choice depends on both the quality of the contact and the nature of the electrical charge. It is shown through this work that electrical disturbances on the installation are closely related to nonlinear loads. The voltage and current sensors used in this experiment are ZMPT101B and ACS712, respectively. The nonlinear loads consist of a set of LED bulbs with motherboards and laptops. An Arduino board is used for process processing and control, an SD memory module, and an LCD for data visualization. As a result, some experiments were conducted to study the behavior of four different switches influenced by a chain of nonlinear loads. The result obtained sufficiently shows the nonlinear character of the charges through the random behavior of the measured electrical parameters of the charges. This result thus confirms the real intrinsic danger caused by the electrical loads used in the installations.