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<p>This paper presents a high-precision amplitude-time-to-digital converter (A-TDC) for use in a multichannel analyzer (MCA). With this method, the MCA quantifies and statistically analyzes the discharge time of nuclear pulse signals, ultimately reconstructing the gamma-ray energy spectrum. The autonomous linear discharge circuit presented in this paper significantly simplifies conventional discharge circuitry and its associated control logic. By leveraging the underlying logic of the FPGA’s internal carry chain, a delay chain capable of precise time measurement for both leading and trailing edges is implemented. Compared with implementations employing separate delay chains for leading and trailing edges, this approach significantly conserves logic resources. The high-resolution TDC implemented on a Xilinx Artix-7 series FPGA exhibits a resolution of 69.4&#xa0;ps, and the average time measurement precision is 52.3&#xa0;ps. The linear discharge circuit has an inherent nonlinearity of less than 0.05&#xa0;%, and its overall linearity is better than 0.1&#xa0;%. When used in conjunction with a <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Phi {25}\,\textrm{mm}\times {25}\,\textrm{mm}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mn>25</mn> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mtext>mm</mtext> <mo>×</mo> <mn>25</mn> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mtext>mm</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> NaI(Tl) detector to measure the 662&#xa0;keV full-energy peak of a <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({^{137}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mn>137</mn> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>Cs source, an energy resolution of 8.5&#xa0;% is achieved.</p>

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A high-precision amplitude-time-to-digital converter based on an FPGA for a digital multichannel analyzer

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Ze-Xi Wang,
  • Yi-Ni Wu,
  • Ke-Feng Zou,
  • Hao-Xuan Li,
  • Jing Peng,
  • Lei Wang

摘要

This paper presents a high-precision amplitude-time-to-digital converter (A-TDC) for use in a multichannel analyzer (MCA). With this method, the MCA quantifies and statistically analyzes the discharge time of nuclear pulse signals, ultimately reconstructing the gamma-ray energy spectrum. The autonomous linear discharge circuit presented in this paper significantly simplifies conventional discharge circuitry and its associated control logic. By leveraging the underlying logic of the FPGA’s internal carry chain, a delay chain capable of precise time measurement for both leading and trailing edges is implemented. Compared with implementations employing separate delay chains for leading and trailing edges, this approach significantly conserves logic resources. The high-resolution TDC implemented on a Xilinx Artix-7 series FPGA exhibits a resolution of 69.4 ps, and the average time measurement precision is 52.3 ps. The linear discharge circuit has an inherent nonlinearity of less than 0.05 %, and its overall linearity is better than 0.1 %. When used in conjunction with a \(\Phi {25}\,\textrm{mm}\times {25}\,\textrm{mm}\) Φ 25 mm × 25 mm NaI(Tl) detector to measure the 662 keV full-energy peak of a \({^{137}}\) 137 Cs source, an energy resolution of 8.5 % is achieved.