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<p>Gaseous X-ray polarimetry refers to a class of detectors used to measure the polarization of soft X-rays. The systematic effects of such detectors introduce residual modulation, which leads to systematic biases in the polarization detection results of the source. This paper discusses the systematic effects and their calibration and correction using a Gas Microchannel Plate–Pixel Detector (GMPD) prototype for the POLAR-2/Low-Energy X-ray Polarization Detector (LPD). Additionally, we propose an algorithm that combines parameterization with Monte Carlo simulation and Bayesian iteration to eliminate residual modulation. The residual modulation after data correction at different energy points was reduced to less than 1%, and a good linear relationship was observed between the degree of polarization and the modulation factor. The improvement in the degree of modulation after correction ranged from 2% to 15%, and the results exceeded those of the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) above 5&#xa0;keV.</p>

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Effectiveness of calibration and correction algorithms on a prototype of the POLAR-2/LPD detector

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月24日

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  • Di-Fan Yi,
  • Qian Liu,
  • Hong-Bang Liu,
  • Fei Xie,
  • Huan-Bo Feng,
  • Zu-ke Feng,
  • Jin Li,
  • En-Wei Liang,
  • Yang-Heng Zheng

摘要

Gaseous X-ray polarimetry refers to a class of detectors used to measure the polarization of soft X-rays. The systematic effects of such detectors introduce residual modulation, which leads to systematic biases in the polarization detection results of the source. This paper discusses the systematic effects and their calibration and correction using a Gas Microchannel Plate–Pixel Detector (GMPD) prototype for the POLAR-2/Low-Energy X-ray Polarization Detector (LPD). Additionally, we propose an algorithm that combines parameterization with Monte Carlo simulation and Bayesian iteration to eliminate residual modulation. The residual modulation after data correction at different energy points was reduced to less than 1%, and a good linear relationship was observed between the degree of polarization and the modulation factor. The improvement in the degree of modulation after correction ranged from 2% to 15%, and the results exceeded those of the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) above 5 keV.