<p>The neutron total cross-section spectrometer (NTOX) applied on the Back-n beamline at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is based on a multicell fission chamber and utilizes <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="53" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{235,238}\textrm{U}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mrow> <mn>235</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>238</mn> </mrow> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>U</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for neutron detection. To reduce the experimental uncertainty in the resonance energy region of <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="53" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{235,238}\textrm{U}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mrow> <mn>235</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>238</mn> </mrow> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>U</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and improve the neutron detection efficiency, a fast scintillator-based neutron total cross-section (FAST) spectrometer was designed. A prototype based on a large-area square <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{6}\textrm{Li}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mn>6</mn> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>Li</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-enriched <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="83" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{Cs}_{2}\textrm{LiLaBr}_{6}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mtext>Cs</mtext> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msub> <mtext>LiLaBr</mtext> <mn>6</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (CLLB) scintillator was constructed and beam-tested. The size of the CLLB scintillator was 50.8&#xa0;mm <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\times\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>×</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> 50.8&#xa0;mm <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\times\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>×</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> 6&#xa0;mm, and its side was coupled to an array of 1 <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\times\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>×</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> 8 S14160 MPPC to avoid the irradiation from the high-intensity neutrons and <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>γ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-rays. The beam test was performed using a broad-energy pulsed neutron and the time-of-flight (TOF) technique on the Back-n beamline. The results demonstrate that the prototype exhibits good neutron/<InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>γ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> discrimination capability under strong <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>γ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-flash irradiation. The prototype was applied to measure the neutron total cross-section of <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="41365_2025_1767_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="39" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{\textrm{nat}}\textrm{Pb}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mtext>nat</mtext> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>Pb</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and the result was compared with that obtained using the NTOX. The two results were consistent in the energy region of 0.3&#xa0;eV to 1&#xa0;keV, and the prototype showed a higher detection efficiency and did not exhibit fission resonance effect. This type of spectrometer can be used as a complement to the NTOX in the low-energy range and provides a technical reference and framework for developing the FAST spectrometer on the Back-n beamline.</p>

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Characterization of a prototype of the fast scintillator-based neutron total cross-section spectrometer on the Back-n at CSNS

  • Peng Luan,
  • Da-Jun Zhao,
  • Han Yi,
  • Wei Jiang,
  • Yi-Wei Yang,
  • Pin-Jing Cheng,
  • Jie-Ming Xue,
  • Ji-Rong Zhao,
  • Bao-Qian Li,
  • Jing Liu,
  • Xiao-Dong Wang,
  • Bo Zheng,
  • Wen Luo,
  • Song Feng

摘要

The neutron total cross-section spectrometer (NTOX) applied on the Back-n beamline at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is based on a multicell fission chamber and utilizes \(^{235,238}\textrm{U}\) 235 , 238 U for neutron detection. To reduce the experimental uncertainty in the resonance energy region of \(^{235,238}\textrm{U}\) 235 , 238 U and improve the neutron detection efficiency, a fast scintillator-based neutron total cross-section (FAST) spectrometer was designed. A prototype based on a large-area square \(^{6}\textrm{Li}\) 6 Li -enriched \(\textrm{Cs}_{2}\textrm{LiLaBr}_{6}\) Cs 2 LiLaBr 6 (CLLB) scintillator was constructed and beam-tested. The size of the CLLB scintillator was 50.8 mm \(\times\) × 50.8 mm \(\times\) × 6 mm, and its side was coupled to an array of 1 \(\times\) × 8 S14160 MPPC to avoid the irradiation from the high-intensity neutrons and \(\gamma\) γ -rays. The beam test was performed using a broad-energy pulsed neutron and the time-of-flight (TOF) technique on the Back-n beamline. The results demonstrate that the prototype exhibits good neutron/ \(\gamma\) γ discrimination capability under strong \(\gamma\) γ -flash irradiation. The prototype was applied to measure the neutron total cross-section of \(^{\textrm{nat}}\textrm{Pb}\) nat Pb and the result was compared with that obtained using the NTOX. The two results were consistent in the energy region of 0.3 eV to 1 keV, and the prototype showed a higher detection efficiency and did not exhibit fission resonance effect. This type of spectrometer can be used as a complement to the NTOX in the low-energy range and provides a technical reference and framework for developing the FAST spectrometer on the Back-n beamline.