Properties of QCD matter: a review of selected results from ALICE experiment
摘要
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world’s largest and most powerful particle accelerator, has been a pivotal tool in advancing our understanding of fundamental physics. By colliding heavy ions, such as lead ions, the LHC recreates conditions similar to those just after the Big Bang. This allows scientists to study the quark–gluon plasma (QGP), a state of matter in which quarks and gluons are not confined within protons and neutrons. These studies provide valuable insights into the strong force and the behavior of the early universe. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of recent significant findings from A Large Ion Collider Experiment (ALICE) at the LHC. The topics covered include measurements related to the properties of the QGP, particle production, flow and correlations, dileptons, quarkonia, and electromagnetic probes, heavy flavor, and jets. Additionally, we introduce future plans for detector upgrades in the ALICE experiment.