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<p>There are mayors in almost 11,000 towns and municipalities in Germany, around 85% of whom are directly elected. For the first time, a&#xa0;data set has been compiled that contains the election results from just over 40% of the elections in eleven of Germany’s 13 federal states and includes a&#xa0;high proportion of direct elections in municipalities with fewer than 20,000 inhabitants. Based on this broad empirical basis, the article examines the extent to which the incumbency advantage of mayoral candidates influences the range of candidates. It also analyses how often incumbents win direct elections and under what conditions incumbent mayors lose a&#xa0;direct election. A&#xa0;particular focus is placed on the role of run-off elections and the associated chances of success for incumbents and challengers.</p>

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Unschlagbare Amtsinhaber:innen? Die Wirkung des Amtsbonus bei Direktwahlen der Bürgermeister:innen in Deutschland

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  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • David H. Gehne

摘要

There are mayors in almost 11,000 towns and municipalities in Germany, around 85% of whom are directly elected. For the first time, a data set has been compiled that contains the election results from just over 40% of the elections in eleven of Germany’s 13 federal states and includes a high proportion of direct elections in municipalities with fewer than 20,000 inhabitants. Based on this broad empirical basis, the article examines the extent to which the incumbency advantage of mayoral candidates influences the range of candidates. It also analyses how often incumbents win direct elections and under what conditions incumbent mayors lose a direct election. A particular focus is placed on the role of run-off elections and the associated chances of success for incumbents and challengers.