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<p>The cowpea weevil, <i>Callosobruchus maculatus</i> (F.), is a major pest of leguminous seeds in many regions worldwide. Although chemical insecticides remain the primary control strategy against such pests, their indiscriminate use has led to numerous adverse effects, including environmental pollution, risks to human and non-target organism health, and the development of pest resistance. The high insecticidal potential of essential oils against insect pests has been reported in numerous studies. In the present research, the insecticidal properties of <i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> L. and <i>Lavandula stoechas</i> L. essential oils, from acute toxicity to sublethal effects on biological and life table parameters, were evaluated against <i>C. maculatus</i>. The results indicated that <i>L. angustifolia</i> and <i>L. stoechas</i> essential oils, rich in monoterpenoid compounds, exhibited significant toxicity against adult insects, with 24-h LC₅₀ values of 2.77 and 2.33 µL/g, respectively. Key biological parameters of the pest, including developmental time, adult longevity, and fecundity, as well as life table parameters such as the intrinsic rate of population increase (<i>r</i>), net reproductive rate (<i>R₀</i>), and finite rate of population increase (<i>λ</i>), were significantly reduced by both essential oils. Given the observed lethal and sublethal effects, <i>L. angustifolia</i> and <i>L. stoechas</i> essential oils can be recommended as efficient natural agents for further research into the control of <i>C. maculatus</i>.</p>

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Mortality and life-history disruption of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) exposed to essential oils isolated from two Lavandula species

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Asgar Ebadollahi,
  • Bahram Naseri,
  • Aysona Aghcheli,
  • William N. Setzer

摘要

The cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), is a major pest of leguminous seeds in many regions worldwide. Although chemical insecticides remain the primary control strategy against such pests, their indiscriminate use has led to numerous adverse effects, including environmental pollution, risks to human and non-target organism health, and the development of pest resistance. The high insecticidal potential of essential oils against insect pests has been reported in numerous studies. In the present research, the insecticidal properties of Lavandula angustifolia L. and Lavandula stoechas L. essential oils, from acute toxicity to sublethal effects on biological and life table parameters, were evaluated against C. maculatus. The results indicated that L. angustifolia and L. stoechas essential oils, rich in monoterpenoid compounds, exhibited significant toxicity against adult insects, with 24-h LC₅₀ values of 2.77 and 2.33 µL/g, respectively. Key biological parameters of the pest, including developmental time, adult longevity, and fecundity, as well as life table parameters such as the intrinsic rate of population increase (r), net reproductive rate (R₀), and finite rate of population increase (λ), were significantly reduced by both essential oils. Given the observed lethal and sublethal effects, L. angustifolia and L. stoechas essential oils can be recommended as efficient natural agents for further research into the control of C. maculatus.