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<p>The biocontrol effectiveness of <i>Trichoderma</i> in soil is limited by chemical stress. During 2022–2023, 100 soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of cucumber, tomato, and eggplant. Using the serial dilution method, 24 <i>Trichoderma</i> isolates were obtained. The most effective isolate against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f.sp. <i>radicis-cucumerinum</i> was identified through the dual culture method. The selected isolate was identified as <i>Trichoderma guizhouense</i> by amplification of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-<i>α</i>) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS). To enhance the biocontrol potential and tolerance to high electrical conductivity (EC) and potential of hydrogen (pH), spore suspensions of selected isolate were subjected to gamma irradiation using a cobalt-60 source at a dose rate of 0.23&#xa0;Gy/sec. Approximately 96 mutants of the wild-type <i>Trichoderma</i> were selected after viability testing. The radial growth of <i>Fusarium</i> mycelium was evaluated in dual culture with the <i>Trichoderma</i> mutants. Furthermore, the mutants were cultured independently on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at different pH and EC levels and incubated for 72&#xa0;h at 27&#xa0;°C in the dark. It was shown that the highest and lowest mycelial radial growth of mutants occurred at pH 7.5 and EC 7 and at pH 9.5 and EC 9, respectively. The analysis of the <i>Trichoderma</i> mutants over time in the <i>Fusarium</i> competition test, considering EC and pH levels, revealed that significantly greater efficacy than the wild type in suppressing pathogen growth and thriving under high EC and pH conditions was exhibited by certain mutants. Consequently, the combined application of these mutants may be regarded as appropriate potential biocontrol agents in adverse soil environments.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Gamma-induced Trichoderma guizhouense mutants: enhanced biocontrol of Fusarium wilt in cucumbers and improved environmental stress tolerance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月13日

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  • Saeed Nouri Gharansaraei,
  • Seyed Reza Fani,
  • Saeed Rezaee,
  • Mehdi Mohammadi-Moghadam,
  • Hamid Reza Zamanizadeh,
  • Samira Shahbazi

摘要

The biocontrol effectiveness of Trichoderma in soil is limited by chemical stress. During 2022–2023, 100 soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of cucumber, tomato, and eggplant. Using the serial dilution method, 24 Trichoderma isolates were obtained. The most effective isolate against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-cucumerinum was identified through the dual culture method. The selected isolate was identified as Trichoderma guizhouense by amplification of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS). To enhance the biocontrol potential and tolerance to high electrical conductivity (EC) and potential of hydrogen (pH), spore suspensions of selected isolate were subjected to gamma irradiation using a cobalt-60 source at a dose rate of 0.23 Gy/sec. Approximately 96 mutants of the wild-type Trichoderma were selected after viability testing. The radial growth of Fusarium mycelium was evaluated in dual culture with the Trichoderma mutants. Furthermore, the mutants were cultured independently on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at different pH and EC levels and incubated for 72 h at 27 °C in the dark. It was shown that the highest and lowest mycelial radial growth of mutants occurred at pH 7.5 and EC 7 and at pH 9.5 and EC 9, respectively. The analysis of the Trichoderma mutants over time in the Fusarium competition test, considering EC and pH levels, revealed that significantly greater efficacy than the wild type in suppressing pathogen growth and thriving under high EC and pH conditions was exhibited by certain mutants. Consequently, the combined application of these mutants may be regarded as appropriate potential biocontrol agents in adverse soil environments.

Graphical Abstract