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<p>Anthracnose, caused by <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i>, is the main disease in avocado crops. <i>Yamadazyma mexicana</i> LPa14 is an effective yeast for controlling anthracnose in pre- and post-harvest of avocados. Likewise, <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> ssp. <i>kurstaki</i> strains HD-1, ABTS-351, and SA-11 are Lepidoptera pest controllers such as <i>Spodoptera littoralis, Ascotis selenaria,</i> and <i>Ctenopseustis obliquana</i> in avocado fruits. In the process of integrated pest and disease management, evaluating the interaction and compatibility between the yeast and bacteria is necessary to ensure that <i>B. thuringiensis</i> does not negatively affect the antagonistic activity of the yeast. The study aimed to evaluate the interactions between <i>Y. mexicana</i> LPa14 and <i>B. thuringiensis</i> ssp. <i>kurstaki</i> strain HD-1 and the in vitro and in vivo antagonistic activity of spray-dried <i>Y. mexicana</i> against <i>C. gloeosporioides</i> in the presence of <i>B. thuringiensis.</i> The yeast was spray-dried and combined in a suspension with <i>B. thuringiensis.</i> The treatments were applied to avocado fruits simultaneously and separately. Results showed positive and neutral interactions between <i>Y. mexicana</i> and <i>B. thuringiensis</i>. The combination of both biocontrol agents showed higher in vitro inhibitions (&gt; 98%) than those achieved individually. The production of volatile organic compounds from <i>Y. mexicana</i> was not affected by the presence of <i>B. thuringiensis</i>. <i>Y. mexicana</i> + <i>B. thuringiensis</i> treatments applied simultaneously and separately presented 100% incidence. However, the separate application was more effective in reducing anthracnose severity by 36.06%. This study demonstrates that <i>Y. mexicana</i> is compatible with <i>B. thuringiensis</i> and could be a viable and environmentally safe fungal and pest management approach when both are applied separately, starting with the yeast and then the bacterium.</p>

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Co-culture and interactions between spray-dried Yamadazyma mexicana LPa14 and Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki strain HD-1: effect on in vitro and in vivo control of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月27日

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  • Luis Manuel Del Real-Rojas,
  • Katia Nayely González-Gutiérrez,
  • Juan Arturo Ragazzo-Sánchez,
  • Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo

摘要

Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is the main disease in avocado crops. Yamadazyma mexicana LPa14 is an effective yeast for controlling anthracnose in pre- and post-harvest of avocados. Likewise, Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki strains HD-1, ABTS-351, and SA-11 are Lepidoptera pest controllers such as Spodoptera littoralis, Ascotis selenaria, and Ctenopseustis obliquana in avocado fruits. In the process of integrated pest and disease management, evaluating the interaction and compatibility between the yeast and bacteria is necessary to ensure that B. thuringiensis does not negatively affect the antagonistic activity of the yeast. The study aimed to evaluate the interactions between Y. mexicana LPa14 and B. thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki strain HD-1 and the in vitro and in vivo antagonistic activity of spray-dried Y. mexicana against C. gloeosporioides in the presence of B. thuringiensis. The yeast was spray-dried and combined in a suspension with B. thuringiensis. The treatments were applied to avocado fruits simultaneously and separately. Results showed positive and neutral interactions between Y. mexicana and B. thuringiensis. The combination of both biocontrol agents showed higher in vitro inhibitions (> 98%) than those achieved individually. The production of volatile organic compounds from Y. mexicana was not affected by the presence of B. thuringiensis. Y. mexicana + B. thuringiensis treatments applied simultaneously and separately presented 100% incidence. However, the separate application was more effective in reducing anthracnose severity by 36.06%. This study demonstrates that Y. mexicana is compatible with B. thuringiensis and could be a viable and environmentally safe fungal and pest management approach when both are applied separately, starting with the yeast and then the bacterium.