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<p>Diffuse scab symptoms (<i>Venturia inaequalis)</i> on the abaxial leaf surfaces of apple trees (<i>Malus</i> × <i>domestica</i> Borkh.) coincide with increased infection pressure in apple orchards. The epidemiology of diffuse abaxial scab has been linked to both quiescent primary and secondary infections that proliferate in the summer. These symptoms are often overlooked and initially appear on cluster leaves and later spread intermittently along the shoot from basal toward apical leaves approximately 7–8 weeks after leaf unfurling. In this study, we investigated the effect of Luna® Care® (FLU&amp;FEA), a fungicide containing fluopyram (FLU) and fosetyl-Al (FEA), on scab development under field conditions. FLU&amp;FEA treatments positioned in the post-flowering period were most effective against diffuse abaxial scab and were associated with the combination of direct effects against the fungal pathogen and plant defense enhancement by fluopyram and fosetyl-Al, respectively. FLU&amp;FEA reduced both the incidence and severity of diffuse abaxial scab symptoms up to 11 weeks after the last application and suppressed <i>V. inaequalis</i> DNA content in treated and newly formed unsprayed leaves as a result of acropetal systemic activity of the fungicide element combined with inducing the plant defences. A season-long upregulation of genes involved in leaf ontogenic resistance and biosynthesis of phenolic compounds was correlated with the FLU&amp;FEA treatment, which also limited ascospore release from abscised overwintering leaves in the following season. As such, FLU&amp;FEA constitutes a novel tool for sustainable and efficient scab control that inhibits diffuse abaxial scab and reduces infection pressure in the following season.</p>

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Control of diffuse abaxial apple scab by the systemic fungitoxicity of fluopyram and the defense enhancement of fosetyl-Al

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • L. De Maeyer,
  • A. Švara,
  • W. Van Hemelrijck,
  • E. Hilz,
  • M. Da Silva,
  • K. Steppe,
  • S. Verbeke,
  • W. Abts,
  • R. Meredith,
  • M. Mikulič-Petkovšek,
  • R. Veberič,
  • M. Claes,
  • N. De Storme,
  • C. Arnold

摘要

Diffuse scab symptoms (Venturia inaequalis) on the abaxial leaf surfaces of apple trees (Malus × domestica Borkh.) coincide with increased infection pressure in apple orchards. The epidemiology of diffuse abaxial scab has been linked to both quiescent primary and secondary infections that proliferate in the summer. These symptoms are often overlooked and initially appear on cluster leaves and later spread intermittently along the shoot from basal toward apical leaves approximately 7–8 weeks after leaf unfurling. In this study, we investigated the effect of Luna® Care® (FLU&FEA), a fungicide containing fluopyram (FLU) and fosetyl-Al (FEA), on scab development under field conditions. FLU&FEA treatments positioned in the post-flowering period were most effective against diffuse abaxial scab and were associated with the combination of direct effects against the fungal pathogen and plant defense enhancement by fluopyram and fosetyl-Al, respectively. FLU&FEA reduced both the incidence and severity of diffuse abaxial scab symptoms up to 11 weeks after the last application and suppressed V. inaequalis DNA content in treated and newly formed unsprayed leaves as a result of acropetal systemic activity of the fungicide element combined with inducing the plant defences. A season-long upregulation of genes involved in leaf ontogenic resistance and biosynthesis of phenolic compounds was correlated with the FLU&FEA treatment, which also limited ascospore release from abscised overwintering leaves in the following season. As such, FLU&FEA constitutes a novel tool for sustainable and efficient scab control that inhibits diffuse abaxial scab and reduces infection pressure in the following season.