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<p><i>Callosobruchus maculatus</i> (Fabr., 1775) (Coleoptera: Bruchinae) is the main pest storage of <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> in Brazil. The most common control method for this insect is chemical control. However, a promising alternative is botanical insecticides, mainly essential oils. The objective of this work was to evaluate the toxicity of essential oils of <i>Juniperus communis, Pelargonium graveolens</i>, <i>Origanum majorana</i> and <i>Amyris balsamifera</i> for the control of <i>C. maculatus</i> in cowpea beans under storage conditions, evaluating its lethal and sub-lethal effects (contact, repellency, deterrence to oviposition and lethal effect by fumigation). The experiments were carried out in the laboratory, under 65° ± 10&#xa0;°C relative humidity, 25° ± 2&#xa0;°C temperature and 12-h&#xa0;photophase. Chromatographic analysis identified as major components the compounds citronellol, geranium and citronellyl formate for <i>P. graveolens</i>; α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene and myrcene for <i>J. communis</i>; terpinen-4-ol, <i>trans</i>-sabinene hydrate, γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, <i>cis</i>-sabinene hydrate and sabinene for <i>O. majarona</i>; and valerianol, elemol, β-eudesmol, 7-<i>epi</i>-α-selinene and 10-<i>epi</i>-eudesmol for <i>A. balsamifera</i>. The LC<sub>50</sub> of contact tests ranged from 0.24 to 3.13&#xa0;mL/kg of grain. <i>J. communis</i> obtained the highest LC<sub>50</sub> and <i>O majorana</i> obtained the lowest LC<sub>50</sub>. In fumigation tests, the LC<sub>50</sub> of essential oils of <i>J. communis, P. graveolens</i> and <i>O majorana</i> was 0.381, 1.132 and 0.032&#xa0;mL/L of air, respectively. In repellency tests, all essential oils for LC<sub>25-50-95</sub> had a repellent and deterrent effect on oviposition. The essential oil with the best results was of <i>O. majorana</i>, as it presented the lowest LC<sub>50</sub> for both contact and fumigation, besides being repellent and deterrent to oviposition. It is a promising method for the control of <i>C. maculatus</i>.</p>

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Toxicity of essential oils on Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr., 1775) in grains of Vigna unguiculata

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月1日

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  • Ozael David Valério da Silva,
  • Paulo Roberto Ramalho Silva,
  • Leticia Rodrigues da Silva,
  • Rodrigo de Carvalho Brito,
  • Kamilla de Andrade Dutra,
  • Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro,
  • Douglas Rafael e Silva Barbosa,
  • Solange Maria de França

摘要

Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr., 1775) (Coleoptera: Bruchinae) is the main pest storage of Vigna unguiculata in Brazil. The most common control method for this insect is chemical control. However, a promising alternative is botanical insecticides, mainly essential oils. The objective of this work was to evaluate the toxicity of essential oils of Juniperus communis, Pelargonium graveolens, Origanum majorana and Amyris balsamifera for the control of C. maculatus in cowpea beans under storage conditions, evaluating its lethal and sub-lethal effects (contact, repellency, deterrence to oviposition and lethal effect by fumigation). The experiments were carried out in the laboratory, under 65° ± 10 °C relative humidity, 25° ± 2 °C temperature and 12-h photophase. Chromatographic analysis identified as major components the compounds citronellol, geranium and citronellyl formate for P. graveolens; α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene and myrcene for J. communis; terpinen-4-ol, trans-sabinene hydrate, γ-terpinene, α-terpinene, cis-sabinene hydrate and sabinene for O. majarona; and valerianol, elemol, β-eudesmol, 7-epi-α-selinene and 10-epi-eudesmol for A. balsamifera. The LC50 of contact tests ranged from 0.24 to 3.13 mL/kg of grain. J. communis obtained the highest LC50 and O majorana obtained the lowest LC50. In fumigation tests, the LC50 of essential oils of J. communis, P. graveolens and O majorana was 0.381, 1.132 and 0.032 mL/L of air, respectively. In repellency tests, all essential oils for LC25-50-95 had a repellent and deterrent effect on oviposition. The essential oil with the best results was of O. majorana, as it presented the lowest LC50 for both contact and fumigation, besides being repellent and deterrent to oviposition. It is a promising method for the control of C. maculatus.