Assessing the cooling impact of the urban park during pre- and post-cyclone using Landsat images

Cities are far warmer than their surroundings. Using vegetation is one of the best techniques to mitigate the effects of urban heat islands (UHI). Global warming caused by natural and artificial events has calamitous implications for the climate of a region. Cities are generally warmer than their adjoining areas, leading to the UHI effect. This study investigates microclimate through a GIS-based approach of normalized difference vegetation index and Net Primary Product assessment affected by vegetation growth. The garden's park cooling intensity (PCI) effect and its changed dynamics in the post-cyclone event are assessed by land surface temperature (LST) interpretation adopting the Gaussian model. The result obtained in the present study shows the most significant cooling magnitude, which had an average PCI of 1.22 °C and 3.1 °C and an average park cooling distance of 400 m and 300 m in pre- and post-cyclonic events, respectively, in the Northern transect. The significant observation of this study is that a large vegetation reserve in an urban morphology impacts the local microclimate, lowering the LST in its neighborhood. Research implies that park cooling in the garden enhances the cooling effect of the surroundings. The rapid growth of dense vegetation is time-consuming. Hence, the impact on LST is assessed based on land use land cover indices using linear regression both inside and surrounding the garden, which resulted in the maintenance and cooling of the existing garden.