Systematic literature review of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) strain sensor and soft pneumatic actuator

Strain sensors and soft pneumatic actuators are required to make sensorized soft pneumatic actuators. Conventionally, the strain sensors and soft pneumatic actuators are fabricated separately and then embedded afterward. The process was time- and resource-consuming. Fabricating a Sensorized Soft Pneumatic Actuator efficiently, cheaply, and relatively quickly becomes a desirable theme. The fabrication process can overcome these desires by developing Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology. Many studies have been conducted, but the FDM process of fabricating sensorized soft pneumatic actuators is rarely discussed. Many literature reviews on strain sensors and soft pneumatic actuators are available, yet they are in separate resources. Meanwhile, the process of making a sensorized soft pneumatic actuator requires both. A literature review of the application of FDM to both strain sensors and soft pneumatic actuators has never been carried out. Yet, it is necessary to investigate the research gaps and opportunities for further development. This way, the downstream process of the sensorized soft pneumatic actuator-based products can be immediately developed and utilized by relevant parties. Using the systematical literature review, 53 studies were investigated regarding material, shape, characteristics, and applications. The investigation indicates that the topic leaves opportunities for further development, such as for commercial purposes. It is also possible to explore the parameters and the product’s characteristics.