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<p>Phytoplankton form the autotrophic base of aquatic food webs and are highly responsive to environmental variability, making them key indicators of marine ecosystem dynamics. Despite their importance, information on phytoplankton distribution and species–environment relationships along the Turkish Mediterranean coast remains limited. This study investigated phytoplankton composition and its association with environmental parameters in surface waters along the entire Turkish Mediterranean coast during summer. Sampling was conducted at 69 inshore and offshore stations from Mersin (Taşucu) to Muğla (Datça) during June–July 2019, using a 5&#xa0;L Nansen bottle. Concurrent physical, chemical, and optical parameters were measured. A total of 459 phytoplankton species were identified, dominated by dinoflagellates (257 species) and diatoms (193 species). Ten species were classified as constant and twenty as common. Marked regional differences were observed: the Antalya Gulf (R2) exhibited the highest species richness, Finike–Kaş (R3) showed the lowest abundance but the highest biodiversity, while R1 displayed the highest abundance and lowest biodiversity. Cluster analysis revealed three major assemblages reflecting a pronounced east–west gradient. Indicator species included <i>Heterocapsa</i> spp. (mainly R4), <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> (R1), and <i>Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima</i> (R1 and R2). Overall, phytoplankton distribution along the Turkish Mediterranean coast is shaped by complex interactions between regional water masses and localized environmental conditions.</p>

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Summer Surface Phytoplankton Assemblages along Physically Discrete Water Masses of the Entire Turkish Mediterranean Coast

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Doğukan Karaca,
  • Erhan Mutlu,
  • Zahit Uysal

摘要

Phytoplankton form the autotrophic base of aquatic food webs and are highly responsive to environmental variability, making them key indicators of marine ecosystem dynamics. Despite their importance, information on phytoplankton distribution and species–environment relationships along the Turkish Mediterranean coast remains limited. This study investigated phytoplankton composition and its association with environmental parameters in surface waters along the entire Turkish Mediterranean coast during summer. Sampling was conducted at 69 inshore and offshore stations from Mersin (Taşucu) to Muğla (Datça) during June–July 2019, using a 5 L Nansen bottle. Concurrent physical, chemical, and optical parameters were measured. A total of 459 phytoplankton species were identified, dominated by dinoflagellates (257 species) and diatoms (193 species). Ten species were classified as constant and twenty as common. Marked regional differences were observed: the Antalya Gulf (R2) exhibited the highest species richness, Finike–Kaş (R3) showed the lowest abundance but the highest biodiversity, while R1 displayed the highest abundance and lowest biodiversity. Cluster analysis revealed three major assemblages reflecting a pronounced east–west gradient. Indicator species included Heterocapsa spp. (mainly R4), Emiliania huxleyi (R1), and Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima (R1 and R2). Overall, phytoplankton distribution along the Turkish Mediterranean coast is shaped by complex interactions between regional water masses and localized environmental conditions.