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<p>A significant fraction of the global bacterial population inhabits marine sediments, which are dynamic ecosystems shaped by natural processes and anthropogenic influences. Many of these bacteria play key roles in biogeochemical cycles. This study investigates the culturable bacterial diversity and associated environmental factors in the coastal sediments of the Bhavnagar coast, Gujarat, India. Fifteen bacterial species were isolated, thirteen of which are reported for the first time from this region, indicating previously undocumented microbial richness. Correlation analysis suggested that bacterial isolates showed weak associations with pH, total organic carbon (TOC), and organic matter (OM), phosphate, whereas sulphate exhibited negative relationships. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that PC1 was primarily influenced by organic matter, nutrients, and pH, while sulphate variance was represented in PC2 and microbial abundance in PC3. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) grouped the sampling sites into three clusters, distinguishing industrially impacted Alang from more environmentally stable locations. Overall, the findings provide a baseline understanding of culturable bacterial diversity in this coastal region and emphasize the influence of environmental gradients on microbial distribution patterns.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Environmental Drivers of Culturable Bacterial Diversity in Coastal Sediments of Bhavnagar Coast, Gulf of Khambhat: A Multivariate Statistical Approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月20日

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  • Hardik Giri Gosai,
  • Asha Sharma,
  • Jagriti Patel,
  • Sanjay Lal,
  • Pradeep Mankodi

摘要

A significant fraction of the global bacterial population inhabits marine sediments, which are dynamic ecosystems shaped by natural processes and anthropogenic influences. Many of these bacteria play key roles in biogeochemical cycles. This study investigates the culturable bacterial diversity and associated environmental factors in the coastal sediments of the Bhavnagar coast, Gujarat, India. Fifteen bacterial species were isolated, thirteen of which are reported for the first time from this region, indicating previously undocumented microbial richness. Correlation analysis suggested that bacterial isolates showed weak associations with pH, total organic carbon (TOC), and organic matter (OM), phosphate, whereas sulphate exhibited negative relationships. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that PC1 was primarily influenced by organic matter, nutrients, and pH, while sulphate variance was represented in PC2 and microbial abundance in PC3. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) grouped the sampling sites into three clusters, distinguishing industrially impacted Alang from more environmentally stable locations. Overall, the findings provide a baseline understanding of culturable bacterial diversity in this coastal region and emphasize the influence of environmental gradients on microbial distribution patterns.

Graphical Abstract