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<p>This study assessed the effects of dietary selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on growth performance, morphometric traits, and meristic characteristics in Asian seabass (<i>Lates calcarifer</i>) broodfish cultured in recirculatory aquaculture system (RAS). Ninety fish (initial weight 1.40 ± 0.05&#xa0;kg) were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments: 0&#xa0;mg SeNPs/kg (control), 0.5&#xa0;mg SeNPs/kg, and 1.0&#xa0;mg SeNPs/kg, administered over an 8-month period. Each treatment used three replicate tanks (10 fish per tank; <i>n</i> = 30 per treatment; <i>n</i> = 90 total). The 1.0&#xa0;mg SeNPs/kg group exceeded the control in final body weight (2.80 ± 0.04 vs. 2.40 ± 0.06&#xa0;kg), total length (69.45 ± 0.82 vs. 66.50 ± 0.90&#xa0;cm), and survival (98.9 ± 1.2% vs. 93.3 ± 2.3%), with all differences significant at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05. Fourteen out of fifteen morphometric traits showed significant improvement, with strong correlations (<i>r</i> &gt; 0.90) between total length and standard length, head length, and pre<b>-</b>dorsal length, indicating enhanced structural proportionality. Meristic traits, including anal and pectoral fin ray counts, increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), suggesting improved skeletal integrity. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that SeNP-responsive traits explained 69.2% of the total phenotypic variance, with the first principal component capturing traits related to body length and depth. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) confirmed that SeNP supplementation influenced growth indirectly through its positive effects on morphometric and meristic traits. Head length and body depth were identified as key mediators linking SeNP intake to enhanced growth performance, while meristic traits contributed secondarily. These findings demonstrated that SeNPs, particularly at 1.0&#xa0;mg SeNPs/kg feed, promoted coordinated somatic and skeletal development in <i>L. calcarifer</i> and supported their use as a functional feed additive in broodstock nutrition for intensive aquaculture systems.</p>

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Selenium Nanoparticle-Enriched Diet Enhances Growth Performance, Morphometric Stability, and Meristic Integrity of Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer) Broodfish Reared in RAS

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Ilias Ahmed,
  • Mohammad Abu Baker Siddique,
  • Mohammad Mahfujul Haque,
  • Md. Mahmudul Hasan,
  • Shanur Jahedul Hasan,
  • Tarikul Islam Chowdhury,
  • A. K. Shakur Ahammad

摘要

This study assessed the effects of dietary selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on growth performance, morphometric traits, and meristic characteristics in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) broodfish cultured in recirculatory aquaculture system (RAS). Ninety fish (initial weight 1.40 ± 0.05 kg) were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments: 0 mg SeNPs/kg (control), 0.5 mg SeNPs/kg, and 1.0 mg SeNPs/kg, administered over an 8-month period. Each treatment used three replicate tanks (10 fish per tank; n = 30 per treatment; n = 90 total). The 1.0 mg SeNPs/kg group exceeded the control in final body weight (2.80 ± 0.04 vs. 2.40 ± 0.06 kg), total length (69.45 ± 0.82 vs. 66.50 ± 0.90 cm), and survival (98.9 ± 1.2% vs. 93.3 ± 2.3%), with all differences significant at p < 0.05. Fourteen out of fifteen morphometric traits showed significant improvement, with strong correlations (r > 0.90) between total length and standard length, head length, and pre-dorsal length, indicating enhanced structural proportionality. Meristic traits, including anal and pectoral fin ray counts, increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05), suggesting improved skeletal integrity. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that SeNP-responsive traits explained 69.2% of the total phenotypic variance, with the first principal component capturing traits related to body length and depth. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) confirmed that SeNP supplementation influenced growth indirectly through its positive effects on morphometric and meristic traits. Head length and body depth were identified as key mediators linking SeNP intake to enhanced growth performance, while meristic traits contributed secondarily. These findings demonstrated that SeNPs, particularly at 1.0 mg SeNPs/kg feed, promoted coordinated somatic and skeletal development in L. calcarifer and supported their use as a functional feed additive in broodstock nutrition for intensive aquaculture systems.