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<p>The “ocean quahog”, <i>Arctica islandica</i> (Linnaeus 1767), is a long-lived temperate-boreal bivalve found on both sides of the North Atlantic Ocean. It has an extensive Pleistocene fossil record, as part of the “boreal guest” faunas that colonised the Mediterranean Basin during glacial intervals. The Atlantic shelves of the Iberian Peninsula lie along its distribution range, but remain poorly documented. This research confirms the occurrence of <i>A</i>. <i>islandica</i> during the Late Pleistocene in Portugal through the discovery of a “subfossil” valve at Sesimbra village, situated in an area approximately 30&#xa0;km south of Lisbon, retrieved from the offshore area south of the Setúbal submarine canyon. The studied specimen was radiocarbon dated, yielding a calibrated age range of 17,536–16,704&#xa0;cal BP and oxygen isotope values indicative of Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1), specifically between the onset of its first and second phases. This age also correlates with well-dated deep-water thanatocoenosis assemblages recently reported for the Gulf of Cadis. These records of <i>A. islandica</i>, a species now absent from the Atlantic shelves of West and South Portugal and Spain, suggest its presence in deep-water benthic communities of soft substrates, during the Late Pleistocene HS1 interval. This indicates that these populations were part of the species long dispersal pathway to the Mediterranean Sea.</p>

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First Confirmed Occurrence of the Temperate-boreal Species Arctica islandica (Linnaeus, 1767) (Bivalvia: Arcticidae) on the Atlantic Coast of West Portugal During the Late Pleistocene

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月21日

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  • Pedro Miguel Callapez,
  • Ricardo Jorge Pimentel,
  • José Manuel Brandão,
  • Mário Miguel Mendes,
  • Luís Manuel Simões,
  • Fernando Carlos Lopes

摘要

The “ocean quahog”, Arctica islandica (Linnaeus 1767), is a long-lived temperate-boreal bivalve found on both sides of the North Atlantic Ocean. It has an extensive Pleistocene fossil record, as part of the “boreal guest” faunas that colonised the Mediterranean Basin during glacial intervals. The Atlantic shelves of the Iberian Peninsula lie along its distribution range, but remain poorly documented. This research confirms the occurrence of A. islandica during the Late Pleistocene in Portugal through the discovery of a “subfossil” valve at Sesimbra village, situated in an area approximately 30 km south of Lisbon, retrieved from the offshore area south of the Setúbal submarine canyon. The studied specimen was radiocarbon dated, yielding a calibrated age range of 17,536–16,704 cal BP and oxygen isotope values indicative of Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1), specifically between the onset of its first and second phases. This age also correlates with well-dated deep-water thanatocoenosis assemblages recently reported for the Gulf of Cadis. These records of A. islandica, a species now absent from the Atlantic shelves of West and South Portugal and Spain, suggest its presence in deep-water benthic communities of soft substrates, during the Late Pleistocene HS1 interval. This indicates that these populations were part of the species long dispersal pathway to the Mediterranean Sea.