<p>A new predatory free-living marine nematode species <i>Parasphaerolaimus bengalensis</i> sp. nov. is described from the Champa estuary, West Bengal, India. The new species is characterised by the presence of striated cuticle with lateral alae, numerous longitudinal rows of cervical setae, curved spicules with rounded distal ends, rather large dorso-caudal gubernaculum apophysis, paired testis, and females with mono prodelphic ovary. It differs from other species of <i>Parasphaerolaimus</i> by its body length, amphidial size, spicules morphology, and length of gubernaculum apophysis. Comparative morphological study along with spicules and gubernaculum structure has been carried out for all valid species of the genus <i>Parasphaerolaimus</i> and highlighted. In general, <i>Parasphaerolaimus</i> was widespread in various habitats; the current species identified in the estuarine ecosystem is characterized by muddy sediment and promotes most predatory nematodes, including <i>Parasphaerolaimus bengalensis</i> sp. nov. This study also suggests this is the first documentation from the Indian waters of predatory free-living marine nematode species.</p>