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<p>Essential oils and phytochemical compounds have been widely investigated as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic biocides and herbicides. This study aims to valorize the spontaneous aromatic plant <i>Myrtus communis</i> by assessing the chemical composition and insecticidal potential of its essential oil against major cereal aphids infesting wheat crops. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and chemically characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and biological analyses were conducted under both controlled laboratory and open-field conditions. Essential oil solutions were directly applied to apterous viviparous adult females and heterogeneous populations of <i>Rhopalosiphum padi</i>, <i>Sitobion avenae</i>, and <i>Metopolophium dirhodum</i>. The extraction yield was 0.90 ± 0.2%, and GC-MS analysis identified 43 compounds, with monoterpenes representing the dominant molecular family (91.73%). The principal constituents of <i>M. communis</i> essential oil were α-pinene (62.70%) and 1,8-cineole (17.85%). Under both laboratory and field experimental conditions, <i>Myrtus communis</i> essential oil exhibited high insecticidal activity against the three aphid species. Complete mortality (100%) was achieved at 60 µL/mL after 18&#xa0;h in the laboratory and at 60&#xa0;mg/m² after 5 days in the field for <i>Rhopalosiphum padi</i>, which showed the highest sensitivity. In contrast, <i>Metopolophium dirhodum</i> and <i>Sitobion avenae</i> required 6 days of field exposure to reach the same mortality level. Furthermore, this study confirms the insecticidal potential of <i>Myrtus communis</i> essential oil as a natural biopesticide for controlling major cereal aphids in wheat crops. These findings open new research perspectives for the development of optimal, environmentally friendly strategies for sustainable aphid management in agriculture.</p>

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Toxicological assessment of Myrtus communis essential oil against major cereal aphids

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月27日

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  • Ratiba Zaid,
  • Hichem Benddine,
  • Radouane Zaid,
  • Samia Daoudi-hacini,
  • Souad Kheloufi

摘要

Essential oils and phytochemical compounds have been widely investigated as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic biocides and herbicides. This study aims to valorize the spontaneous aromatic plant Myrtus communis by assessing the chemical composition and insecticidal potential of its essential oil against major cereal aphids infesting wheat crops. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and chemically characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and biological analyses were conducted under both controlled laboratory and open-field conditions. Essential oil solutions were directly applied to apterous viviparous adult females and heterogeneous populations of Rhopalosiphum padi, Sitobion avenae, and Metopolophium dirhodum. The extraction yield was 0.90 ± 0.2%, and GC-MS analysis identified 43 compounds, with monoterpenes representing the dominant molecular family (91.73%). The principal constituents of M. communis essential oil were α-pinene (62.70%) and 1,8-cineole (17.85%). Under both laboratory and field experimental conditions, Myrtus communis essential oil exhibited high insecticidal activity against the three aphid species. Complete mortality (100%) was achieved at 60 µL/mL after 18 h in the laboratory and at 60 mg/m² after 5 days in the field for Rhopalosiphum padi, which showed the highest sensitivity. In contrast, Metopolophium dirhodum and Sitobion avenae required 6 days of field exposure to reach the same mortality level. Furthermore, this study confirms the insecticidal potential of Myrtus communis essential oil as a natural biopesticide for controlling major cereal aphids in wheat crops. These findings open new research perspectives for the development of optimal, environmentally friendly strategies for sustainable aphid management in agriculture.