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<p>Durum wheat (<i>Triticum turgidum</i> L.) is a staple crop whose establishment is strongly constrained by soil salinization, a major form of land degradation in arid and semi-arid Mediterranean regions. Salinity severely disrupts germination and early seedling development, threatening crop productivity and food security. Biological strategies such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), offer ecofriendly solutions to support crop establishment under saline conditions. This study evaluated the effect of seed inoculation with the PGPR strain <i>Serratia liquefaciens</i> A10, isolated from compost tea, on germination and early seedling traits of two Tunisian durum wheat cultivars, Aouija and Bidi, under salt stress. Seeds were inoculated with the bacterial suspension (10⁷ CFU mL⁻¹) for 30&#xa0;min or and germinated under three NaCl concentrations (0, 100, and 150 mM). Germination percentage, germination energy, mean germination time, vigor index, coefficient of germination velocity, and salt tolerance index were assessed. Salinity markedly reduced germination and seedling performance in both cultivars. In contrast, PGPR-inoculated seeds showed improved germination percentage and energy, higher vigor index and coefficient of germination velocity, and reduced mean germination time under saline conditions. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships among vigor-related parameters and a negative association with mean germination time. Overall, these findings indicate that PGPR-seed inoculation with <i>Serratia liquefaciens</i> A10 enhances early germination and seedling vigor of durum wheat under salinity, highlighting its potential as biological tool to support sustainable food production and land management in Mediterranean agro-ecosystems.</p>

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PGPR seed inoculation with Serratia liquefaciens improves early salinity tolerance in Tunisian Durum wheat: a sustainable approach for arid and Mediterranean agriculture

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Mariem Kammoun,
  • Mariem Samet,
  • Oumaima Bouazizi,
  • Radhia Gargouri-Bouzid,
  • Oumèma Nouri-Ellouz

摘要

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) is a staple crop whose establishment is strongly constrained by soil salinization, a major form of land degradation in arid and semi-arid Mediterranean regions. Salinity severely disrupts germination and early seedling development, threatening crop productivity and food security. Biological strategies such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), offer ecofriendly solutions to support crop establishment under saline conditions. This study evaluated the effect of seed inoculation with the PGPR strain Serratia liquefaciens A10, isolated from compost tea, on germination and early seedling traits of two Tunisian durum wheat cultivars, Aouija and Bidi, under salt stress. Seeds were inoculated with the bacterial suspension (10⁷ CFU mL⁻¹) for 30 min or and germinated under three NaCl concentrations (0, 100, and 150 mM). Germination percentage, germination energy, mean germination time, vigor index, coefficient of germination velocity, and salt tolerance index were assessed. Salinity markedly reduced germination and seedling performance in both cultivars. In contrast, PGPR-inoculated seeds showed improved germination percentage and energy, higher vigor index and coefficient of germination velocity, and reduced mean germination time under saline conditions. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships among vigor-related parameters and a negative association with mean germination time. Overall, these findings indicate that PGPR-seed inoculation with Serratia liquefaciens A10 enhances early germination and seedling vigor of durum wheat under salinity, highlighting its potential as biological tool to support sustainable food production and land management in Mediterranean agro-ecosystems.